Resume
MICHAEL GARSTANG
Present Positions
Emeritus Professor and Distinguished Research Professor, Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Virginia
Chairman of the Board and Senior Scientist, Simpson Weather Associates, Inc.
Personal
Born: Utrecht, Natal, South Africa
Nationality: U.S. Citizen
Education
B.A. (Hons.), Geography (with distinction), University of Natal, 1952
M.A., Geography (with distinction), University of Natal, 1958
M.S., Meteorology, Florida State University, 1961
Ph.D., Meteorology, Florida State University, 1964
Honors and Awards
Fellow, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1956-60; 1961-62
Fellow, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, 1960-61
Visiting Scholar, W.M.O., University of the West Indies, 1976
Fellow, American Meteorological Society, appointed January 1977-present
Visiting Scholar, Universitaria Veracruzana, Xalapa, Vercruz, Mexico, 1979, 1980
Who(s Who in the South and Southwest, 1981-present
Erskine Fellow, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, 1990
Visiting Scholar, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1991
Participant, National University(s Continuing Education Association(s (Global Change(
Program which received the Philip Frandsen Award, 1991
Recipient, Ernest Oppenheimer Memorial Trust W.D. Wilson Visiting Fellowship, 1996
Membership Professional and Honorary Societies
American Meteorological Society
American Geophysical Union
Sigma Xi
Chi Epsilon Pi, Meteorology Honor Society
Positions Held
1951: Teaching Assistantship, University of Natal
1952: Research Associate, Education Department of African Explosives and Chemical
Industries, Ltd.
1953-56: Meteorologist, British Colonial Service, including six months at the Air
Ministry Training School, London, England. Stationed at Trinidad, West Indies.
1957: Research Associate, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole,
Positions Held (cont.)
MA. Research in tropical marine meteorology and physical oceanography.
1965-68: Assistant Professor of Meteorology and Oceanography, Florida State
University.
1968-71: Associate Professor of Meteorology and Oceanography, Florida State
University.
1971-1998: Professor of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia.
1980-1989: Exec V.P. and Senior Scientist, Simpson Weather Associates, Inc.
1989-1998: President and Senior Scientist, Simpson Weather Associates, Inc.
1998-present: Chairman and Senior Scientist, Simpson Weather Associates, Inc.
1998-present: Emeritus Professor and Distinguished Research Professor, University of Virginia
Publications: Reviewed
1. 1967 Sensible and latent heat exchange in low-latitude synoptic-scale systems. Tellus, XIX, 492-508. (M. Garstang)
2. Fueling of the air-sea system. School Science and Math, LXVII, Whole No. 595, 707-716.
3. A study of a non-deepening tropical disturbance. J. Appl. Meteor., 6, 237-254. (J. Simpson, M. Garstang, E.J. Zipser and G.A. Dean)
4. 1968 The 1968 Barbados Experiment. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 49, 627-635. (M. Garstang and N.E. LaSeur)
5. 1969 The Barbados Experiment. NCAR Quart., 22, 7-9. (M. Garstang)
6. 1970 Parameterization of energy flux between ocean and atmosphere. Meteor.
Monogr., 11, 178-182 (panel discussion with K. Bryan, A.D. Kirwin, N.E. LaSeur, J.S. Simpson and W.C. Swinbank).
7. Surface wave spectra in the deep ocean. EOS, Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, l5,
302. (P. Grose, K. Warsh and M. Garstang)
8. An air-sea interaction deep-ocean buoy. J. Mar. Res., 28, 99-112. (K. Warsh, M. Garstang and P. Grose)
9. An observation of an inertial flow at low latitudes. J. Geophys. Res., 75, 2207. (K. Warsh, K. Echternacht and M. Garstang)
10. Periodicities in near-surface currents. EOS, Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, 51, 305. (K. Echternacht, M. Garstang and K.L. Warsh)
Reviewed Publications (cont.)
11. 1970 Energy flux measurements at the air-sea interface. J. Mar. Tech., 4, 49-54. (M.
Garstang and K.L. Warsh)
12. Atmospheric-oceanic observations in the tropics. Amer. Scien., 58, 482-495.
(M. Garstang, N.E. LaSeur, K.L. Warsh, R. Hadlock and J.R. Petersen)
13. On the relation between the surface temperature of the Gulf of Mexico and its
circulation. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 20, 803-812. (K. Warsh, E. Stakhiv and
M. Garstang)
14. Parameterization of energy flux between ocean atmosphere: Summary. Meteor. Monog., 11, 178-182. (M. Garstang)
15. 1971 Fluctuations in humidity, temperature and horizontal wind as measured by a subcloud tethered balloon system. IEEE, GE-9, 199-208. (M. Garstang, M.
Murday, W. Seguin, J.D. Brown and N.E. LaSeur)
16. Structure of near-surface currents east of Barbados. J. Phys. Oceanog., 1, 123- 129. (K. Warsh, K.L. Echternacht and M. Garstang)
17. A low-level jet in the tropics. Mon. Wea. Rev., 99, 559-563. (R.L. DeSouza, C. Aspliden, M. Garstang and N. LaSeur)
18. A comparison of meteorological sensors used on the USCGC DISCOVERER during the 1968 Barbados experiment. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 52, 1071-
1076. (W.R. Seguin and M. Garstang)
19. 1972 Comparison of sensible and latent heat fluxes computed from measurements by
ship and spar buoy in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Deutche Hydrog. Zeit., 25, 62-
79. (K.L. Warsh, W.A. Brower and M. Garstang)
20. Dispersion relations and wave shapes. J. Geophys. Res., 77, 3902-3905. (P.L. Grose, K.L. Warsh and M. Garstang)
21. Measurement of surface waves in the deep ocean. J. Mar. Tech., 6, 23-28. (K.L.Warsh, P.L. Grose and M. Garstang)
22. A radiation shield for thermistor deployment in the atmospheric boundary layer. J. Appl. Meteor., 11, 393-399. (R. Hadlock, W. Seguin and M. Garstang)
23. A review of hurricane and tropical meteorology. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 53, 612-630. (M. Garstang)
Reviewed Publications (cont.)
24. Wave spectra with directional aspects from deep water in the tropical Atlantic. Deutche Hydrog. Zeit., 164-178. (P.L. Grose, K.L. Warsh and M. Garstang)
25. 1973 A measurement of the velocity field of a cumulus cloud. J. Appl. Meteor., 12, 841-846. (J. Levine, M. Garstang and N.E. LaSeur)
26. The role of convection in surface property and velocity fluctuations. Bound.- Layer Meteor., 6, 183-195. (S.L. Ulanski, R. Hadlock and M. Garstang)
27. 1974 A case study of the cloud seeding potential of the southeastern coastal belt of Africa. South African J. Sci., 70, 208-210. (M. Garstang, P.D. Tyson and S. Moskowitz)
28. A review of the tropical boundary layer and cumulus convection: structure, parameterization and modeling. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 55, 1195-1205. (M.
Garstang and A. Betts)
29. 1974 A report on the international tropical meteorology meeting. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 55, 412-414. (M. Garstang and J. Simpson)
30. 1975 The structure of heat islands. Rev. Geophys. and Space Phys., 13, 139-165.
(M. Garstang, P.D. Tyson and G.D. Emmitt)
31. 1976 Changes in the structure of the tropical subcloud layer from the undisturbed to disturbed states. Mon. Wea. Rev., 104, 407-417. (K.L. Echternacht and M. Garstang)
32. Some evidence of the effects of convection on the structure of the tropical
subcloud layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 660-666. (W.R. Seguin and M. Garstang)
33. The ocean-atmosphere interactions: micro-, meso- and macro-scale. Edizioni Scientifiche E Tecniche, Mandadori, Milano, Italy. (M. Garstang)
34. 1978 The role of surface divergence and vorticity in the life cycle of convective
rainfall, Part I: Observations and analysis. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 1047-1062.
(S.L. Ulanski and M. Garstang)
35. The role of surface divergence and vorticity in the life cycle of convective
rainfall, Part II: Descriptive model. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 1063-1069. (S.L.
Ulanski and M. Garstang)
Reviewed Publications (cont.)
36. Some aspects of Florida convective rainfall. Wat. Resour. Res., 14, 1133- 1139. (S.L. Ulanski and M. Garstang)
37. 1979 The tropical atmospheric boundary layer: Role in the formation and
maintenance of hurricanes. Austr. J. of Meteor., 27, 229-248. (M. Garstang)
38. 1980 Vertical mass and energy transports by cumulus clouds in the tropics. Deep Sea Res., Spec. Vol., 9-21. (E. Augstein, M. Garstang and G.D. Emmitt)
39. Wind power assessment. EOS, 61, 457. (M. Garstang and J.W. Snow)
40. 1981 Measurements of wind shear at the Mod-1 site, Boone, N.C. J. Energy, 5, 146- 151. (M. Garstang, J.W. Snow and G.D. Emmitt)
41. Vertical structure of the tropical boundary layer. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 1512- 1526. (D.R. Fitzjarrald and M. Garstang)
42. Boundary layer growth over the tropical ocean. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 1762- 1772. (D.R. Fitzjarrald and M. Garstang)
43. 1982 The diurnal interaction between convection and peninsular scale forcing over
south Florida. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 486-503. (H.J. Cooper, M. Garstang and
J. Simpson)
44. Subcloud layer energetics of precipitating convection. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 102-117. (G.M. Barnes and M. Garstang)
45. 1983 Analysis of rainfall variability in the northeastern region of South Africa. Arch. Met. Geophys. Bioch., Ser. B, 32, 231-252. (B.E. Kelbe, M. Garstang and G.
Brier)
46. 1984 Downdrafts from tropical oceanic cumuli. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 28, 23-49.
(R.P. Addis, M. Garstang and G.D. Emmitt)
47. Assessment of wind power potential for two contrasting coastlines of South
Africa using a numerical model. J. Clim. Appl. Meteor., 23, 1645-1659. (R. Diab and M. Garstang)
48. 1985 Timing of hurricane emergency actions. Environ. Management, 9, 61-70.
(R.H. Simpson, B. Hayden, M. Garstang and H.L. Massie)
Reviewed Publications (cont.)
49. Wind power dependence upon weather systems. Internat. J. Amb. Energy, 6, 89-
100. (R. Diab and M. Garstang)
50. 1986 Air chemistry over the tropical forest of Guyana. J. Geophys. Res., 91, 8603- 8612. (G.L. Gregory, R.C. Harriss, R.W. Talbot, R.A. Rasmussen, M. Garstang, M.O. Andreae, R.R. Hinton, E.V. Browell, S.M. Beck, D.I. Sebacher, M.A.K. Khalil, R.J. Ferek and S.V. Harriss)
51. 1987 Generation of convective storms over the escarpment of northeastern South Africa. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 429-443. (M. Garstang, B.E. Kelbe, G.D. Emmitt and W.B. London)
52. Use of a synoptic classification scheme to define seasons. Theoret. and Appl. Clim., 38, 57-68. (R. Pielke, M. Garstang, C. Lindsey and J. Gusdorf)
53. 1988 Trace gas exchanges and convective transports over the Amazonian rain forest.
J. Geophys. Res., 93, 1528-1550. (M. Garstang, J. Scala, S. Greco, R. Harriss, S. Beck, E. Browell, G. Sachse, G. Gregory, G. Hill, J. Simpson, W.-K. Tao and A. Torres)
54. The Amazon Boundary Layer Experiment (ABLE 2A): Dry Season 1985. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 1351-1360. (R.C. Harriss, S. Wofsy, M. Garstang, E.V. Browell, L.C.B. Molion, R.J. McNeal, J.M. Hoell, Jr., R.J. Bendura, S.M.
Beck, R.L. Navarro, J.T. Riley and R.L. Snell)
55. Structure and growth of the mixing layer over the Amazonian rain forest. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 1361-1375. (C.L. Martin, D. Fitzjarrald, M. Garstang, A.P. Oliveira, S. Greco and E. Browell)
56. Biomass-burning emissions and associated haze layers over Amazonia. J.
Geophys. Res., 93, 1509-1527. (M.O. Andreae, E.V. Browell, M. Garstang,
G.L. Gregory, R.C. Harriss, G.F. Hill, D.J. Jacob, M.C. Pereira, G.W. Sachse,
A.W. Setzer, P.L. Silva Dias, R.W. Talbot, A.L. Torres and S.C. Wofsy)
57. 1990 The Amazon Boundary Layer Experiment (ABLE 2B): A Meteorological
Perspective. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 71, 19-32. (M. Garstang, S. Ulanski, S. Greco, J. Scala, R. Swap, D. Fitzjarrald, D. Martin, E. Browell, M. Shipham, R.
Harriss, R. Talbot and V. Connors)
58. The Amazon Boundary Layer Experiment (ABLE 2B): Wet season 1987. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 16721-16736. (R.C. Harriss, M. Garstang, S. Wofsy, S. Beck, R. Bendura, J.R.B. Coelho, J.W. Drewry, J.M. Hoell, Jr., P. Matson, R.J.
Reviewed Publications (cont.)
McNeal, L.C.B. Molion, R. Navarro, V. Rabine and R.L. Snell)
59. Aerosol chemistry during the wet season in Central Amazonia: The influence of long-range transport. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 16955-16969. (R. Talbot, M.
Andreae, H. Berresheim, P. Artaxo, M. Garstang, R. Harriss, K. Beecher and S.M.
Li)
60. Rainfall and surface kinematic conditions over Central Amazonia during ABLE 2B. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 17001-17014. (S. Greco, R. Swap, M. Garstang, S. Ulanski, M. Shipham, R.C. Harriss, R. Talbot, M.O. Andreae and P. Artaxo)
61. Cloud draft structure and trace gas transport. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 17015-
17030. (J. Scala, M. Garstang, W.-K. Tao, K. Pickering, A. Thompson, J.
Simpson, V.W.J.H. Kirchhoff, E. Browell, G. Sachse, A. Torres, G. Gregory, R.
Rasmussen and M.A.K. Khalil)
62. 1991 Photochemical ozone production in tropical squall line convection during NASA/GTE/ABLE 2A. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 3099-3114 (K.E. Pickering, A.
M. Thompson, J.R. Scala, W.-K. Tao, J. Simpson and M. Garstang)
63. PAM stations weather Amazon rainforest. The ATD Observer, NCAR/UCAR Pub., Winter, pgs. 1-3 (M. Garstang and C. Martin)
64. Low-level nocturnal wind accelerations over the Central Amazon Basin.
Bound.-Layer Meteor., 58, 91-115 (S. Greco, S. Ulanski, M. Garstang and S.
Houston)
65. Saharan dust in the Amazon Basin. Tellus, 44B, 133-149 (R. Swap, M.
Garstang, S. Greco, R. Talbot and P. K llberg)
66. 1994 Amazon coastal squall lines. Part I: Structure and kinematics. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 608-622 (M. Garstang, H.L. Massie, Jr., J. Halverson, S. Greco and J. Scala)
67. Amazon coastal squall lines. Part II: Heat and moisture transports. Mon.
Wea. Rev., 122, 623-635 (S. Greco, J. Scala, J. Halverson, H.L. Massie Jr., W.-K.
Tao and M. Garstang)
68.. 1995 Atmospheric controls on elephant communication. J. Exp. Biol., 198, 939-951
(M. Garstang, D. Larom, R. Raspet and M. Lindeque)
69. Simulation of rain events from rain-gauge measurements. Internat. J. Climatol., 15, 1021-1029 (C.M. Cosgrove and M. Garstang)
70. 1996 Horizontal and vertical transport of air over southern Africa. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 23,721-23,736 (M. Garstang, P.D. Tyson, R. Swap, M. Edwards, P. K llberg and J.A. Lindesay).
71. The long-range transport of southern African aerosols to the tropical south Atlantic. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 23,777-23,792 (R. Swap, M. Garstang, S.A. Macko, P.D. Tyson, W. Maenhaut, P. Artaxo, P. K llberg and R. Talbot)
72. Temporal and spatial characteristics of Saharan dust outbreaks. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 4205-4220 (R. Swap, S. Ulanski, M. Cobbett and M. Garstang)
73. International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme/International Global Atmospheric
Chemistry SAFARI-92 field experiment: Background and overview. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 23,521-23,530 (J.A. Lindesay, M.O. Andreae, J.G. Goldammer, G. Harris, H.J. Annegarn, M. Garstang, R.J. Scholes and B.W. van Wilgen)
74. An air transport climatology for subtropical southern Africa. Inter. J. Clim., 16,
265-291 (P.D. Tyson, M. Garstang, R. Swap, P. K llberg and M. Edwards)
75. Large-scale recirculation of air over southern Africa. J. Appl. Meteor., 35,
2218-2236 (P.D. Tyson, M. Garstang and R. Swap)
76. Water and energy budgets for a Florida mesoscale convective system: A
combined observational and modeling study. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 1161-1180
(J. Halverson, M. Garstang, J. Scala and W.-K. Tao)
77. 1997 The influence of surface atmospheric conditions on the range and area reached by
animal vocalizations. J. Exp. Biol., 200, 421-431 (D. Larom, M. Garstang, K.
Payne, R. Raspet and M. Lindeque)
78. Meteorology and elephant infrasound at Etosha National Park, Namibia. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 101, 1710-1717 (D. Larom, M. Garstang, M. Lindeque, R. Raspet, M. Zunckel, Y. Hong, K. Brassel, S. O(Beirne and F. Sokolic)
79. Atmospheric transport and photochemistry of ozone over central Southern
Africa during the Southern Africa Fire-Atmosphere Research Initiative. J.
Geophys. Res., 102, 10,623-10,635 (P.D. Tyson, M. Garstang, A.M. Thompson
P. D(Abreton, R.D. Diab and E.V. Browell)
80. Combined application of INAA and PIXE for studying the regional aerosol
composition in southern Africa. J. Radioanaly. Nucl. Chem., 216, 143-148 (I.
Salma, W. Maenhaut, H.J. Annegarn, M.O. Andreae, F.X. Meixner and M. Garstang)
81. 1998 Convective cloud downdrafts as the cause of large blowdowns in the Amazon
rainforest. Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 67, 199-212. (M. Garstang, S. White, H.H.
Shugart and J. Halverson)
82. The contribution of aerosol- and water-borne nutrients to the functioning of the
Okavango Delta ecosystem, Botswana. So. Afr. J. Sci., 94, 223-229. (M. Garstang, W.N. Ellery, T.S. McCarthy, M.C. Scholes, R.J. Scholes, R.J. Swap
P.D. Tyson)
83. Causes of bulk carbon and nitrogen isotopic fractionations in the products of
vegetation burns: laboratory studies. Chem. Geol., 152, 181-192 (V.C.
Turekian, S.A. Macko, D. Ballentine and M. Garstang
84. 2000 New directions: VOCs and biosphere-atmosphere feedbacks. Atmos. Environ.,
31, 189-191 (J.D. Fuentes, B.P. Hayden, M. Garstang, M. Lerdau, D. Fitzjarrald,
D.D. Baldocchi, R.Monson, B. Lamb and C. Geron)
85. An lise da variabilidade di ria da precipita o em rea de pastagem para a poca
vhuvosa de 1999 ( Projeto TRMM/LBA. Acta Amazonica, 30, 629-639 (J. T ta,
G. Fisch, J.D. Fuentes, P.J. Oliveira, M. Garstang, R. Heitz, and J. Sigler)
86. Convective systems and surface processes in Amazonia during the WETAMC/ LBA. BAHC/IGBP News, 7, 3-7 (M. Silva Dias, A.J. Dolman, S. Rutledge, E. Zipser, P. Silva Dias, G. Fisch, C. Nobre, P. Kabat, B. Ferrier, A. Betts, J. Halverson, M. Garstang et al.)
87 2001 Cloud modulation of surface solar irradiance at a pasture site in southern Brazil.
Agri. Forest Meteor., 106, 117-129 (L. Gu, J.D. Fuentes, M. Garstang, J. Tota, R.
Heitz, J. Sigler and H.H. Shugart)
88. Cloud and rain processes in a biosphere-atmosphere interaction context in the Amazon Region. J. Geophys. Res., 107 (D20), 8072, doi: 10.1029/201JD000335 (M.A.F. Silva Dias, S. Rutledge, P. Kabat, P.L. Silva Dias, C. Nobre, G. Fisch, A.J. Dolman, E. Zipser, M. Garstang, A.O. Manzi, J.D. Fuentes, H.R. Rocha, J. Marengo, A. Plana-Fattori, L.D.A. Sa, R.C.S. Alvala, M.O. Andreae, P. Artaxo, R. Gielow, and L. Gatti)
89. 2002 Surface diurnal cycle and boundary layer structure over Rondonia during the rainy season. J. Geophys. Res., 107 (D20), 8065, doi: 10.1029/2001JD000356 (A.K. Betts, J.D. Fuentes, M. Garstang, and J.H. Ball)
90. Ozone dynamics and deposition processes at a deforested site in the Amazon Basin. Ambio, 31, 21-27 (J.M. Sigler, J.D. Fuentes, R.C. Heitz, M. Garstang, and G. Fisch)
91. 2003 Spatial and temporal assessment of sources contributing to the annual austral spring midtropospheric ozone maxima over the tropical South Atlantic. Global Change Biol., 9, 336-345 (R.J. Swap, T.A. Szuba, M. Garstang, H.J. Annegarn, L. Marufu, and S.J. Piketh)
92. Editoral. J. Appl. Meteor., doi:org/10.1175/1520-0450(2003)1042-0669:E>2.0.CO:2, June (R.M. Rauber, M. Garstang, D.A.R. Kristovhich)
93. 2004 Calls in the wild. Review by L. Warren of M. Garstang(s field campaign. Nat. Geographic Magazine, March, 96-101.
94. Long-distance, low-frequency elephant communication. J. Compara. Physiol. A,
190, 791-805 (M. Garstang)
95. Weather modification: Finding common ground. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.,
86, 647-655 (M. Garstang, R. Bruintjes, R. Serafin, H. Orville, B. Boe, W.
Cotton, and J. Warburton)
96. 2005 The daily cycle of low-frequency elephant calls and near-surface atmospheric
conditions. Earth Interactions, 9, Paper No. 14, 21 pp (M. Garstang, D.
Fitzjarrald, K. Fristrup, and C. Brain)
97. Diurnal cycle of low-level clouds and the tropical convective boundary layer.
J. Appl. Meteor., 44, 1607-1619 (C. Strong, J.D. Fuentes, M. Garstang, and
A.K. Betts)
98. 2009 Precursor tsunami signals detected by elephants. The Open Conserva. Biol. J., 3, 1-3 (M. Garstang).
99. 2010 No simple cause and effect for glacial melt. Physics Today, July, p. 10 (M. Garstang).
100. 2011 On the coupling between vegetation and the atmosphere. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 105, 243-261 (I.M. Angelini, M. Garstang, R.E. Davis, B. Hayden, D.R. Fitzjarrald, D. Legates, S. Greco, S. Macko and V. Connors). DOI: 10.1007/s00704-010-0377-5.
101. Weather and climate influences on the movement patterns of the African elephant
(Loxodonta africana) and the role of infrasound. Proc. 19th Internat. Soc. Biometeor., December, Auckland, New Zealand (R. Davis, M. Garstang, K. Leggett, E. Zipser, S. Greco and M. Petersen).
102. 2013 On the possible detection of lightning storms by elephants. Animals, 3, 349-355
(M. Kelley and M. Garstang), doi: 10.3390/ani3020349.
103. 2014 The Utrecht district and the disputed territory - a cause of the Anglo-Zulu War
re-examined. Adv. Hist. Stud., 3, 170-181 (A.D. Coleman and M. Garstang).
104.
Climate and the mfecane. So. Afr. J. Sci., 110(5/6), 7 pgs. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/sajs.2014/20130239 (M. Garstang, A.D. Coleman
and M. Therrell).
105. Response of African Elephants (Loxodonta africana) to Seasonal Changes in Rainfall. PLoS ONE 9(10): e108736. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0108736 (M. Garstang, R.E. Davis, K. Leggett, O.W. Frauenfeld, S. Greco, E. Zipser and
M. Peterson)
106. 2017 Understanding animal detection of precursor earthquake sounds. Animals, 7, 66; doi:10.3390/ani7090066. (M. Garstang and M.C. Kelley)
107. 2018 The Role of Sound in the Reproduction of African Elephants. Top 10 Commentaries on Animal Reproduction, www.avidscience.com, Open Access:
December 24, 14 pp. (M. Garstang)
108. 2019 Three early tropical field experiments. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 100, 2243-2258, DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0151.1 (M. Garstang, E. Zipser, R. Ellingson,
K. Warsh, P. Grose, S. Ulanski, R. Holle, W. Seguin, D. Fitzjarrald, S.
Greco and G.D. Emmitt)
109. 2020 Animal communication in context. Physics Today, 73, 10, doi: 10.1063/PT.3.4534 (M. Garstang)
110. 2020 Doppler Aerosol WINd (DAWN) lidar during CPEX 2017: Instrument performance and data utility. Remote Sensing, 12, 2951; doi: 10.3390/rs12182951 (S. Greco, G.D. Emmitt, M. Garstang and M. Kavaya)
111. 2022 An instrumented Golden Eagle s (Aquila chrysaetos) long-distance flight
behavior. Animals, 12, 1470, https//doi.org/10.3390/ani12111470 (M.
Garstang, S. Greco, G.D. Emmitt, T.A. Miller and M. Lanzone)
Books and Book Chapters
1988 "Estimation of Tropical Rainfall" In Tropical Rainfall Measurements, (ed.) J.S.
Theon and N. Fugono, A. Deepak Publishing, Hampton, VA, pp. 425-432. (M. Garstang, C. Cosgrove, R. Swap and S. Greco)
1991 Savanna burning and convective mixing in southern Africa: Implications for
CO emissions and transports. Global Biomass Burning, J. Levine (ed.), MIT
Press, 147-154 (V. Connors, D. Cahoon, H. Reichle, E. Burke, M. Garstang, W.
Seiler and H. Scheel)
1992 Destruction of the rain forest and climate changes. In Aspects of Environmental Change, Misc. Ser. No. 91/l, T.R.R. Johnston and J.R. Flenley (eds.), Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, 35-48. (M. Garstang)
1994 Biomass burning in the global environment: First results from the IGAC/BIBEX field campaign STARE/TRACE-A/SAFARI-92. Global Atmospheric-Biospheric
Chemistry: The First IGAC Scientific Conf., Plenum Press, New York, 82-101
(Andreae, M.O., J. Fishman, M. Garstang, J.G. Goldammer, C.O. Justice, J.S.
Levine, R.J. Scholes, B.J. Stocks, A.M. Thompson, B. Van Wilgen and the STARE/TRACE-A/SAFARI-92 Science Team)
1996 Tropical climate. Encyclopedia of Climate and Weather, Vol. 2, S.H. Schneider (ed.), Oxford University Press, New York, 778-780 (M. Garstang)
1997 Atmospheric circulation, vertical structure and transport. Chapter 5 in
Fire in Southern African Savannas: Ecological and Atmospheric Perspectives,
B.W. van Wilgen, M.O. Andreae, J.G. Goldammer and J.A. Lindesay (eds.),
pp. 5.1-5.23, University of Witwatersrand Press, Johannesburg, South Africa (M.
Garstang and P.D. Tyson).
1997 Large scale transports of biogenic and biomass burning products. Chapter 37
Biomass Burning and Global Change, J.S. Levine (ed.), pp. 389-395, MIT Press,
Inc., Cambridge, MA (M. Garstang, P.D. Tyson, E. Browell and R. Swap)
1997 Comparison of biomass burning emissions and biogenic emissions to the tropical
south Atlantic. Chapter 38 Biomass Burning and Global Change, J.S. Levine (ed.), 396-402, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (R.J. Swap, M. Garstang, S.A. Macko, P.D. Tyson and P. K llberg)
1997 Transport and vertical structure of ozone and aerosol distributions over southern
Africa. Chapter 39 Biomass Burning and Global Change, J.S. Levine (ed.), pp. 403-421, MIT Press, Inc., Cambridge, MA (P.D. Tyson, M. Garstang, R.J. Swap,
E.V. Browell, R.D. Diab and A.M. Thompson)
1997 Bulk and compound specific isotopic characterization of products of biomass burning: Laboratory studies. Chapter 40 Biomass Burning and Global Change, J.S. Levine (ed.), pp. 422-427, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (V.C. Turekian, S.A. Macko, W. Gilhooly, D.C. Ballentine, R.J. Swap, and M. Garstang)
1997 Stable carbon isotopic analysis of charcoal from single plant sources. Chapter 44
in Biomass Burning and Global Change, J.S. Levine (ed.), pp. 466-471, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (W.P. Gilhooly, S.A. Macko, V. Turekian, R.J. Swap, M.
Garstang and W.F. Ruddiman)
1997 Atmospheric transports of particulate and gaseous products by fires. Chapter in
Sediment Records of Biomass Burning and Global Change, J. Clark (ed.), 207-
250, Springer-Verlag, New York (M. Garstang, P.D. Tyson, H. Cachier and L. Radke)
1999 Observations of surface to atmosphere interactions in the tropics.
Oxford University Press, New York, April, 405 pp. (M. Garstang and D. Fitzjarrald)
2000 Mesoscale convective systems over South Africa. Chapter 38 in Storms, Vol II, R.A.
Pielke, Sr. and R.A. Pielke, Jr. (eds.), Routledge Press, London, 146-162. (M. Garstang
and P.D. Tyson)
2000 Winds of Change. Chapter in Forces of Change, Smithsonian Institution and the
National Geographic Society, pp. 44-45.
2000 The role of the atmosphere in fire occurrence and the dispersion of fire products.
Background paper, Health Guidelines for Vegetation Fire Events: Background Papers,
K.-T. Goh, D. Schwela, J.G. Goldammer and O. Simpson (eds.), World Health
Organization, pp. 102-122.
2002 VOCs and biosphere-atmosphere feedbacks. Chapter 13 in Air Pollution Science for the
21st Century, J. Austin, P. Brimblecombe and W. Struges (eds.), Elsevier, UK (J.
Fuentes, B. Hayden, M. Garstang, M. Lerdau, D. Fitzjarrald, D.D. Baldocchi, R.
Monson, B. Lamb, and C. Geron)
2002 Hurricane! Coping with Disaster, R.H. Simpson, R. Anthes, and M. Garstang (eds.),
Amer. Geophys. Union, Washington, D.C., 360 pp.
2003 The research of Dr. Joanne Simpson: Fifty years investigating hurricanes, tropical clouds,
and cloud systems. Chap. 1 in Cloud Systems, Hurricanes, and the Tropical Rainfall
Measuring Mission (TRMM): A Tribute to Dr. Joanne Simpson, pp. 1-16 (W.-K. Tao, J.
Halverson, M. LeMone, R. Adler, M. Garstang, R. Houze, Jr., R. Pielke, Sr., and W.
Woodley)
2003 Isotopic variations and internal storm dynamics in the Amazon Basin. Chap. 7 in Cloud
Systems, Hurricanes, and the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM): A Tribute
to Dr. Joanne Simpson, pp. 81-94 (I. Angelini, M. Garstang, S. Macko, R. Swap, D.
Stewart, and H.B. Cunha)
2008 Ntombazana: A Story of an African Elephant Family (M. Garstang), 202 pp.
2010 Elephant infrasounds: long-range communication. Chap. 3.2 in Handbook of
Mammalian Vocalization, S.M. Brudzynski (ed.), pp. 57-67 (M. Garstang).
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-374593-4.00007-3.
2015 Elephant Sense and Sensibility: Behavior and Cognition (M. Garstang),
Elsevier Academic Press, 152 pgs.
Professional Activity: Scientific and Academic - Local/National/International
Co-Director, National Science Foundation(s Institute for Secondary and High School Teachers in Oceanography, Summer 1967
Director, 1968-69 Barbados Oceanographic and Meteorological Experiment. Field effort conducted over a period of three years (1966-69), with analysis continuing until 1970.
Member, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research Evaluation and Goals Committee for
the National Center for Atmospheric Research, 1969-1970, 1970-1971
Member, Panel on Air-Sea Interaction of Gulf Universities Research Corporation for the Gulf of Mexico Science Year (1970)
Member, Advisory Committee to the Gulf Universities Research Corporation on reduction and
analysis of the Barbados Oceanographic and Meteorological Experiment data
Member, Advisory Council to the Institute of Tropical Meteorology, United Nations Special Fund Project, Barbados, West Indies
Associate Editor, International Indian Ocean Expedition, Meteorological Monograph Series
Member, American Meteorological Society(s Committee on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, January 1968-1972
Chairman, Committee on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, American Meteorological
Society, January 1972-January 1975.
Chief Scientist on the largest U.S. vessel (the Coast Guard Cutter DALLAS) for the entire GATE operation during the summer of 1974.
International Coordinator, GATE C-scale ships, summer 1974.
Co-coordinator for the GATE Workshop, July 25-August 12, 1977, Boulder, CO for the section on mesoscale and smaller scale phenomena, emphasizing moist convection.
Chairman, Boundary Layer Subprogram of the Academy of Science Advisory Panel on GATE (GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment)
Chairman, U.S. Working Group on the Boundary Layer
U.S. Representative on the Boundary Layer to the International Scientific Management Group of
GATE
National Academy of Sciences, GATE Panel, National Coordinator for the Boundary Layer
U.S. Program Coordinator, Planetary Boundary Layer, Academy Panel for GATE/GARP
Chairman, AMS Committee on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, January 1975-January
1976.
Member, Advisory Panel to the NCAR/GARP Analysis Group, 1975
National Coordinator, Planetary Boundary Layer Program, GATE, February 1976
Member, Advisory Panel for the GARP Committee of the National Academy of Sciences, 1975,
1976
Member, National Science Foundation(s University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
Representative, MONEX Panel at the International Symposium on Monsoons in New Delhi,
India, 1977
Co-coordinator, GATE Workshop on mesoscale and smaller scale phenomena, NCAR, Boulder, CO, 1977
U.S. IAMAP (International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics) representative, GATE Symposium on Oceanography and Surface Layer Meteorology, Kiel, West
Germany, 1978
University of Virginia Scientific Representative to UCAR, 1979-1993
Member, Steering Committee for the Global Tropospheric Experiment for NASA, 1983-1993
Corresponding Member, Study Group on Recent Climatic Change of the International Geophysical Union, 1985-1993
Associate Editor, Monthly Weather Review, January 1984-January 1986
Member, AMS Committee on Planned and Inadvertent Weather Modification, January 1985-January 1988
Member, NASA LASE Science Advisory Group, 1985-1988
Member, NASA PEM Planning Group, 1985-1991
Member, NASA TRMM Scientific Advisory Group, 1986-1994
Member, WMO(s COSPAR Committee, 1986-1988
Member, NASA MAPS Program, 1986-1988
Member, NASA/EPA Science Advisory Group, 1988-1990
Member, NASA/TRACER Science Team, 1988-1990
Chairman, American Meteorological Society(s Interdisciplinary Education Panel, 1988-1990
Member, NASA GTE Science Advisory Planning Group, 1988-1991
Member, NASA/TRACE-A Scientific Team, 1988-1991
Member, NASA/GEWEX Planning Group, 1989-1990
Chairman, NASA/PEM Aircraft Instrument Group, 1990-1991
Member, NASA/PEM Science Executive Team, 1990-1991
Member, NASA TOGA-COARE Science Team, 1990-1991
Member, German SAFARI Science Group, 1991-1994
Co-Chairman, Local Organizing Committee, 1992 Quadrennial Ozone Symposium
Member, AMS Committee on Meteorology and Oceanography of the Southern Hemisphere, January 1994-January 1997
Member, Working group for the design of the (Forces of Change( exhibit for the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, January 1994-1995
Invited Participant, NATO(s Advanced Research Workshop on Biomass Burning Emissions and Global Change, Algarve, Portugal, 1994
Editor, Journal of Applied Meteorology, June 1995-1997
Chief Editor, Journal of Applied Meteorology, January 1998-2003.
Advisor, Forces of Change, Smithsonian Institution(s Museum of Natural History(s global change exhibition and publishing program, 1997-2002
Member, PEM Tropics-B Proposal Evaluation Panel, 1998
Advisor, WHO/PAHO Guidelines for Forest Fire Emergencies, Lima, Peru, 1998-2001
Session and Program Chairman for numerous national and international scientific meetings and
symposia
External Examiner, University of the West Indies, 1975-1979
Member, Dean(s Promotion and Tenure Committee, University of Virginia, 1976-1977, 1977-
1978
Chairman, Task Group of the Subcommittee on Administrative and Support Services, University
Research Policy Council, 1977-1978
Chairman, Executive Committee, Faculty Forum for Scientific Research, University of Virginia,
1979-1980
External Examiner, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1979-present
Undergraduate Advisor, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Virginia, 1981-1982
External Examiner, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Cape Town, 1983
External Examiner, Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, 1983
Member, University of Virginia(s Committee for Development and University Relations, 1986-
1987
External Examiner, Department of Geography, McGill University, 1989
External Examiner, Atmospheric Science Research Center, State University of New York,
Albany, 1989-1990
Member, New World Studies Advisory Group, University of Virginia, 1991-2010
Member, Allen Talbot Gwathmey Award Committee, University of Virginia, 1994-2000
External Examiner, Monash University, Victoria, Australia, 1994-present
External Referee, Found. for Res., Sci. and Technol., New Zealand, 1995-present.
External Referee, Foundation for Research Development, South Africa, 1995-present
Session Co-chair, TRMM Field Campaign Data Workshop, University of Utah, 2000
Consultant, National Geographic Society film entitled (Giants of Etosha(, 1999-2000
Co-session Chair, AMS 15th Conf. Hydrology, Long Beach, CA, January 2000
Session Chair, AGU Fall Meeting Session on (Convective Systems Observed During TRMM
Field Campaigns(, San Francisco, CA, December 2000
Co-Editor with R.H. Simpson and R. Anthes on book entitled (Coping with Hurricanes ( An Historical Analysis of 20th Century Progress( published by AGU, 2002
Chair, National Academy of Science Committee on the Status and Future Directions in U.S. Weather Modification Research and Operations, 2001-2004
Consultant, Defense Science Research Council, 2004
Lecturer, Osher Lifelong Learning Institute, 2005-2018
External PhD Advisor, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, 2015-2018
Guest Editor, Special Issue, Animals, 2021-2022
Graduate Students - 1966--present
a) Major Professor
Robert Addis, PhD, 1983
George Athey, M.S., 1980
Gary Barnes, PhD, 1980
Vickie Connors, PhD, 1991
Henry Cooper, PhD, 1981
Claire Cosgrove, M.S., 1991; PhD, 1999
Daniel David, M.S., 1980
Russell DeSouza, PhD, 1972
Roseanne Diab, PhD, 1983
Jennifer Dieudonn , M.S., 1998
Peter Dowty, M.S., 1993
Kenneth Echternacht, PhD, 1975
George D. Emmitt, PhD, 1975
David Fitzjarrald, PhD, 1980
Bruce Glavovic, PhD, 2000
Peter Grose, M.S., 1966; PhD, 1971
Arnold Gruber, PhD, 1968
John Gusdorf, M.S., 1981
Jeffrey Halverson, PhD, 1995
Brian Kelbe, PhD, 1982
David Larom, PhD, 1996
T.N. Lee, M.S., 1967
Omar Lucero, PhD, 1983
Harold Massie, M.S., 1984; PhD, 1991
M. Murday, M.S., 1970
John Scala, PhD, 1990
Ward Seguin, PhD, 1972
Robert Severance, PhD, 1972
Joseph Snow, PhD, 1981
E.Z. Stakhiv, M.S., 1968
Robert Swap, M.S., 1990; PhD, 1996
Edward Tollerud, M.S., 1977
Stanley Ulanski, PhD, 1977
T.R. Visvanathan, M.S., 1967
Stephanie White, M.S., 1995
K.-W. Yeh, M.S., 1967
TOTAL: 24 PhD students; 16 MS students
b) Committee Member
Isabella Angelini, M.S./PhD, 2002
Raymond Arritt, M.S., 1982
Michael Bauer, M.S., 1995
Warren Brower, Jr., M.S., 1971
Barbara Brown, M.S., 1979
Roger Clapp, PhD, 1982
Peter Dowty, PhD
Kenneth Echternacht, M.S., 1970
Oliver Frauenfeld, M.S./PhD, 2001
Lianhong Gu, PhD
Ryan Heitz, M.S., 2000
Amber Hill Soja, M.S.
Charles Lindesay, M.S., 1980
Wendy McIntyre, PhD, 2001
Richard McNider, PhD, 1981
Peter Mehring, M.S., 1981
Arthur Mizzi, M.S., 1982
Thomas O(Halloran, M.S.
Jeffrey Sigler, MS, 2000
David Sjostedt, M.S., 1987
Jenn-L. Song, M.S., 1982
Courtenay Strong, M.S., 2005
Vaughan Turekian, M.S., 1996: PhD, 2000
Stanley Ulanski, M.S., 1971
David Walker, PhD, 1994
TOTAL: 9 PhD students; 19 MS students
Invited Talks/Program Participant
Interaction between the cloud and subcloud layer during GATE. University of Hamburg(s Colloquim Program, October 1975.
Relationship of surface velocity fields to the life cycle of convective rainfall. University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, August 1976.
Coupling of the cloud and subcloud layers. Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India, March 1977.
The U.S. Boundary Layer Program in GATE. International Symposium on the Monsoons, Delhi, India, March 1977.
Vertical mass and energy transports by cumulus clouds in the tropics. GATE Symposium on Oceanography and Surface Layer Meteorology, Kiel, West Germany, May 1978.
The disturbed tropical atmospheric boundary layer. Review paper, Seminar on the Impact of GATE on Large Scale Numerical Modeling, Woods Hole, MA, August 1979
The tropical atmospheric boundary layer: role in the formation and maintenance of hurricanes. Review paper, International Conference on Tropical Cyclones, Perth, Australia, November 1979.
Structure and dynamics of the atmospheric boundary layer over the Amazon basin. Workshop on Results of ABLE, S o Jose dos Campos, Brazil, February 1986.
The Amazon Boundary Layer Experiment (ABLE). Spring American Geophysical Union Meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 1986 (R.C. Harriss, S.C. Wofsy, M. Garstang and L.C.B. Molion).
Growth and decay of the atmospheric boundary layer over a tropical rain forest. Spring American Geophysical Union Meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 1986 (M. Garstang, D. Fitzjarrald, S. Houston, C. Martin and D. Martin).
Haze layers over central Amazonia: Sources and chemical characteristics. Spring American Geophysical Union Meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 1986 (M.O. Andreae, E.V. Browell, G.L. Gregory, R.C. Harriss, G.W. Sachse, S.T. Shipley, R.W. Talbot, P.L. Silva Dias, M. Garstang, A.W. Setzer, A.L. Torres and S.C. Wofsy).
Estimation of tropical rainfall. International Symposium on Tropical Precipitation Measurements, Tokyo, Japan, October 1987.
The meteorological design of the ABLE-2B. Spring American Geophysical Union Meeting,
Baltimore, MD, May 1988.
Invited speaker, 40th Anniversary, Department of Meteorology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, February 1989.
Invited seminar, American Home Assurance Company, New York, 1989.
Invited speaker, Honor Graduates Seminar series, Lynchburg College, Lynchburg, VA, 1989.
Invited speaker, Student Union, University of Virginia, 1989.
Invited seminar, American International Underwriters, New York, 1990.
Invited seminar, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, 1990.
Invited seminar, Meteorological Society, Wellington, New Zealand, l990.
Invited seminar, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand, 1990.
Invited seminar, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, 1990.
Invited seminar, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, 1990.
Invited lecture, AAAS Lecture Series, The Paul McInerney Memorial Lecture, Millersville University, Millersville, PA, 1991.
Invited lecture, Continuing Education - Global Change Program, University of Virginia, 1991.
Invited seminar, Max-Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Mainz, Germany, 1991.
Invited seminar, Weather Bureau, Pretoria, South Africa, 1991.
Invited seminar, CSIR, Pretoria, South Africa, 1991.
Invited seminar, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 1991.
Invited seminar, University of Natal, Durban South Africa, 1991.
Invited seminar, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1991.
Invited seminar, Distinguished Scientist Lecture Series, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center,
Greenbelt, MD, 1991.
Invited lecture, University of Virginia(s Earth 2020 Program, 1991.
Invited lecture, Continuing Education, University of Virginia(s Summer on the Lawn Program, 1992.
Invited lecture, Royal Science Society of South Africa, 1992.
Invited TV lecture, University of Virginia(s Global Change Program for Teachers, 1992.
Invited speaker, Northside Library Senior Citizens Group, 1994
Invited speaker, Western Albemarle High School Career Day, 1994.
Invited speaker, Smithsonian Natural History Lecture Series, 1995.
Invited lecture, Architectural and Planning Department, University of Virginia, 1995.
Invited lecture, Architectural and Planning Department, University of Virginia, February 1996.
Invited lecture, Continuing Education, University of Virginia(s Summer on the Lawn Program (The Changing Global Environment(, June 1996
Invited lectures, Governor(s School for the Gifted Program, Lynchburg College, Lynchburg, VA, July 1996
Invited lecturer, Institute for the Academic Advancement of Youth, November 1996
Invited lecture, Architectural and Planning Department, University of Virginia, February 1997
Invited lecture, St. Stithians High School, Johannesburg, South Africa, July 1997
Invited lecture, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, May and July 1997
Invited lecture, Vista University, Soweto, South Africa, September 1997
Invited lecture, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa, July 1997
Invited lecture, University of Natal, Durban, South Africa, July 1997
Invited lecture, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa, August 1997
Invited speaker, Speakers Club, Ft. Beaufort, South Africa, August 1997
Invited speaker, Royal Society, East London, South Africa, August 1997
Invited lecture, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa, August 1997
Invited lecture, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, September 1997
Invited speaker, Department of Conservation, Windhoek, Namibia, August 1997
Invited interview, Namibian Broadcasting Corporation, Windhoek, Namibia, August 1997
Debriefing, W.D. Wilson Fellowship to Anglo American/DeBeers, September 1997
Invited Participant workshop entitled (Writing Scientific Articles and Reports for Journal Publication( sponsored by the Kenya Meteorological Department, Kenya Meteorological Society, Institute of Nuclear Science, University of Nairobi, Foundation for Research and Development,
held in Nairobi, Kenya, January 1998
Invited speaker on El Nino, Church World Services, May 1998
Invited speaker, International Research Institute for Climate Prediction, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, December 1998
Invited speaker, Western Michigan University, November 1999
Invited speaker, Symposium on Cloud Systems, Hurricanes and TRMM: Celebration of Dr. Joanne Simpson(s Career ( The First 50 Years, December 1999
Invited lecture, State University of New York, Albany, April 2001.
Invited lecture, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, October 2003.
Invited lecture, Blandy Experimental Farm, July 2004.
Invited lecture, Ruritan Club, Amherst, VA, August 2004.
Invited lecturer, JILL/OLLI Program, 2006-2017
Invited lecturer, Department of Meteorology, Pennsylvania State University, 2010
Invited lecturer, University of KwaZulu, Durban, South Africa, 2012
Invited lecturer, DART, Johannesburg, South Africa, 2012
Invited lecturer, Rotary Club, Cape Town, South Africa, 2012
Artist in Residence, Anehauser-Busch LTER program, 2012
Reviewer, New Zealand Ministry of Science and Innovation, 2012
Science and Art Participant, The Phillips Gallery Kirkeby Art Exhibit, Washington, DC, 2013
Festival of the Book Invited Author participant, Charlottesville, VA 2015
Invited speaker, Texas A&M University, 2016
Invited speaker, AMS 32nd Conf. Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 2016
Invited lecturer, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, 2017
Publications: Reports
1958: Some meteorological aspects of the low-latitude tropical western Atlantic results of CRAWFORD cruise #15. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Reference #58-72, 97 pp.
1959: Tropical island rainfall: A study of rainfall distribution of Trinidad, West Indies. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Reference #60-33, 37 pp.
1964: Tropical convective and synoptic scale weather systems and their statistical contributions to tropical meteorology. Final rept. to U.S. Army ERDL, Dept. of Meteorology, Florida State University, 55 pp. (with N.E. LaSeur).
1965: Distribution and mechanism of energy exchange between the tropical oceans and atmosphere. Tech. Rept. U.S. Army Elec. Res. and Develop. Lab., 110 pp.
A study of non-deepening tropical disturbance. Tech. Rept. U.S. Army Elec. Res. and Develop. Lab., and National Aeronautics and Space Administration and U.S.
Weather Bureau, 48 pp.
The equivalent heat mountain: A preliminary study. Tech. Rept. U.S. Army Elec. and Develop. Lab., 36 pp.
1966: The stratification and circulation of the sub-surface waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Rept. to the Oceanographic Institute, Florida State University, 84 pp. (with P. Grose).
1967: Equivalent potential temperature as a measure of the structure of the tropical atmosphere. Final rept. to U.S. Army Elec. Res. and Develop. Lab., No. 67-10, 44 pp. (with N.E. LaSeur and C. Aspliden).
1967: Solar and lunar influences on rainfall. Final rept., Part I, Atmos. Phys. and Chem. Lab., Experimental Meteorology Branch, Environmental Science Services Administration, 87 pp. (with T.R. Visvanathan).
Development of experimental system for and the study of mesoscale and synoptic
scale air-sea interaction. Final rept. Phase I, Department of Oceanography, Florida State University, 71 pp.
Analysis and representation of rainfall statistics. Interim Rept., Department of
Meteorology, Florida State University, 44 pp.
1968: An objective analysis of wind data for energy budget studies. Rept. 68-1, U.S. Army Elec. Command, Ft. Monmouth, N.J., 27 pp. (with A. Gruber, J.J. O'Brien
and N.E. LaSeur).
Development of experimental systems for, and the study of meso- and convective-scale systems and air-sea interactions in the maritime tropics. Interim Final Rept., Phase II. Sea-Air Interaction Lab and Atmos. Phys. and Chem. Lab., Environmental Sciences Services Administration, 73 pp.
1969: The energy budget and climatological description of the atmosphere over the Florida
peninsula when a convective regime dominates. Final Rept., U.S. Army
Elec. Command, Ft. Monmouth, N.J., 164 pp. (with A. Gruber and N.E. LaSeur).
A multiple-scale research program in tropical meteorology. First Quart. Rept.,
Atmos. Sci. Lab., U.S. Army Elec. Command, Ft. Monmouth, N.J., 9 pp. (with N.E.
LaSeur, C.L. Jordan, T.N. Krishnamurti and Y. Hseuh).
Development of experimental systems for, and the study of meso- and convective- scale systems and air-sea interaction in the maritime tropics. Final rept., Phase III. U.S. Department of Commerce, Environmental Science Services Administration.
A multiple-scale research program in tropical meteorology. Second Quart. Rept., Atmos. Sci. Lab., U.S. Army Elec. Command, Ft. Monmouth, N.J., 49 pp. (with N.E. LaSeur, C.L. Jordan, T.N. Krishnamurti and Y. Hseuh).
Synoptic scale energy fluxes between tropical oceans and atmosphere. Final rept., U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Environmental Sci. Services Admin., contents: FSU observational program in cooperation with BOMEX, 38 pp. (with J.R. Petersen);
Turbulent structure of the subcloud layer, 10 pp. (with M. Murday and W. Seguin).
1970: A multi-scale research program in tropical meteorology. Third Quart. Rept., Atmos. Sci.
Lab., U.S. Army Elec. Command, Ft. Monmouth, N.J., 31 pp. (with
N.E. LaSeur, C.L. Jordan, T.N. Krishnamurti, J.J. Stephens and Y. Hseuh).
A multi-scale research program in tropical meteorology. Fourth Quart. Rept., Atmos.
Sci. Lab., U.S. Army Elec. Command, Ft. Monmouth, N.J., 31 pp. (with N.E. LaSeur,
C.L. Jordan, T.N. Krishnamurti and Y. Hseuh).
Radiative fluxes and balances in the tropics. Final rept., National Science Foundation, GA-1479, 31 pp. (with J.C. Gille, K.L. Warsh and R. Ellingson).
A multi-scale research program in tropical meteorology. Fifth Quart. Rept., Atmos. Sci.
Lab., U.S. Army Elec. Command, Ft. Monmouth, N.J., 42 pp. (with N.E. LaSeur, C.L. Jordan, J.J. Stephens, T.N. Krishnamurti and Y. Hseuh).
Multi-scale research program in tropical meteorology. Sixth Quart. Rept., Atmos. Sci. Lab., U.S. Army Elec. Command, Ft. Monmouth, N.J. (with N.E. LaSeur, C.L. Jordan, J.J. Stephens, T.N. Krishnamurti and Y. Hseuh).
1971: A low level jet in the tropics. Rept., Atmos. Sci. Lab., U.S. Army Elec. Command, Ft. Monmouth, N.J. (with R. DeSouza, C. Aspliden, N.E. LaSeur and Y. Hseuh).
A multi-scale research program in tropical meteorology. Seventh Quart. Rept., Atmos.
Sci. Lab., U.S. Army Elec. Command, Ft. Monmouth, N.J. (with N.E. LaSeur, C.L.
Jordan, J.J. Stephens, T.N. Krishnamurti and Y. Hseuh).
A multi-scale research program in tropical meteorology. Eighth Quart. Rept., Atmos.
Sci. Lab., U.S. Army Elec. Command, Ft. Monmouth, N.J. (with N.E. LaSeur, C.L.
Jordan, J.J. Stephens, T.N. Krishnamurti and Y. Hseuh).
1975: The turbulent structure of the low latitude subcloud layer. Final rept., National Science
Foundation, GA-31601.
1976: Cloud populations and their interaction with the boundary layer. Rept. #1, National Science Foundation, ATM74-21701 (with C. Aspliden, J. Simpson and R.H.
Simpson).
1977: Cloud populations and their interaction with the boundary layer. Rept. #2, National Science Foundation, ATM74-21701 (with C. Aspliden, J. Simpson and
R.H. Simpson).
Application of a principal component analysis to the study and categorization of the
tropical oceanic subcloud layer. Rept. #2, Part 2 on National Science Foundation grant
ATM74-21701, 162 pp. (composed of M.S. thesis for E. Tollerud).
Surface structure of convective rain. Final Rept. under National Science
Foundation grant ATM76-14918.
Florida rainfall models. Final Rept. under NOAA contract 035-022-37.
U.S. GATE Tethered Balloon System: A discussion of the measurements. Rept.
#2, Part 3 on NSF grant ATM74-21701 and Final Rept. on NOAA contract
04-6-158-44067 (with G.D. Emmitt, G. Barnes, D. Fitzjarrald, E. Tollerud and J.D.
Brown).
1978: Cloud populations and their interaction with the boundary layer. Rept. #3 on NSF grant ATM74-21701 (with C. Aspliden, J. Simpson and R.H. Simpson).
Coastal zone wind energy. Final Rept. for the period 9/76-9/77 on ERDA contract EY-76-S-06-2344 (with C. Aspliden, S. Nnaji and R. Pielke).
1979: Coastal zone wind energy. Final Rept. for the period 9/77-3/79 on DOE contract DOE-76-S-06-2344 (with R. Pielke, S. Nnaji, J. Gusdorf, C. Lindsey and J.W. Snow).
1979: Mean tropospheric conditions over West Africa and Eastern Atlantic Ocean during GATE, Vol. I: Kinematic analysis. Tech. Rept. under NSF grant ATM74-21701, 121 pp. (with Y. Tourre, C. Aspliden and J. Cunningham).
1979: Mean tropospheric conditions over West Africa and Eastern Atlantic Ocean during GATE, Vol. II: Thermodynamic analysis. Tech. Rept. under NSF grant ATM74- 21701, 61 pp. (with Y. Tourre, C. Aspliden and J. Cunningham).
1980: Coastal zone wind energy, Part I: Potential wind power density fields based on 3- D model simulations of the dominant wind regimes for three East and Gulf coast areas.
Final rept. to Battelle for the period 3/79-3/80 on Battelle contract B-93492-A-Q, 31 pp.
(with R. Pielke and J.W. Snow).
Coastal zone wind energy, Part II: Validation of the coastal zone wind power
potential: A summary of the field experiment. Final rept. to Battelle for the period
3/79-3/80 on contract B-93492-A-Q, 43 pp. (with R. Pielke and J.W. Snow).
Coastal zone wind energy, Part III: A procedure to determine the wind power potential of the coastal zone. Final rept. to Battelle for the period 3/79-3/80 under contract B-93492-A-Q, 42 pp. (with R. Pielke and J.W. Snow).
A comparison of model predicted to observed winds. Rept. to Battelle Pacific
Northwest Lab under contract B-93492-A-Q (with R. Pielke and J.W. Snow).
The tropical atmospheric boundary layer, Part I. Final rept. to the GARP Section of the National Science Foundation under grant ATM74-21701, September, 82 pp.
(with J. Simpson, G.D. Emmitt, E. Augstein, G.M. Barnes, D. Fitzjarrald, R.
Addis, E. Tollerud and C. Warner).
The tropical atmospheric boundary layer, Part II. Final rept. to the GARP Section of the National Science Foundation under grant ATM74-21701, September, 105
pp. (with J. Simpson, G.D. Emmitt, E. Augstein, G.M. Barnes, D. Fitzjarrald, R.
Addis, E. Tollerud and C. Warner).
1981: Synoptic climatology of the wind resources of the Great Plains states. Final rept. to Battelle under contract B-C3097-A-N, 48 pp.
Rain augmentation in Nelspruit. Final rept. to the Water Research Commission, Dept. of Water Affairs, Pretoria, South Africa, 266 pp. (with G.D. Emmitt and B.E. Kelbe).
1982: Factors contributing to the development of convection over northeastern South Africa
and Swaziland. Rept. to the Water Research Comm., Dept. of Water Affairs, Pretoria,
South Africa, 261 pp. (with B.E. Kelbe).
Low level convergence and the prediction of convective precipitation. Final rept. submitted to Illinois State Water Survey under subcontract ATM78-08865 from NSF
(with H.J. Cooper and O. Lucero).
1983: Proceedings of the Workshop on the Program for Atmospheric Water Supply (PAWS), 23-27 June, Charlottesville, VA, sponsored by Simpson Weather Associates, 221 pp.
Rain augmentation in Nelspruit: Phase II. Final rept. to the Water Research
Commission, June, 148 pp. (with G.D. Emmitt).
Wind energy assessment for Maryland. Draft final rept. to the Department of Natural
Resources, State of Maryland, September, 99 pp. (with J.W. Snow).
1984: Program for Atmospheric Water Supply (PAWS) Annual rept. Submitted to the Water Research Commission, Pretoria, South Africa. Submitted by Simpson Weather Associates, Inc. and Cansas International Corporation, July, 600 pp.
1985: Atlantic Boundary Layer Experiment (ABLE I). Final rept. under NASA contract NAS1-17671, 80 pp.
Program for Atmospheric Water Supply (PAWS) Annual rept. Submitted to the Water Research Commission, Pretoria, South Africa. Submitted by Simpson
Weather Associates, Inc. and Cansas International Corporation, July, 260 pp.
1986: Program for Atmospheric Water Supply (PAWS) Final rept. to the Water Research Commission, Pretoria, South Africa. Submitted by Simpson
Weather Associates, Inc. and Cansas International Corporation, September, Vols. I-IV.
1987: Atmospheric surface and boundary layers of the Amazon Basin. Final rept. submitted under NASA Cooperative Agreement NCC1-95, March.
Rainfall stimulation studies. Final rept. submitted to CSIR, Pretoria, South Africa.
Submitted by Simpson Weather Associates, Inc.
1988: Design of the Primary Pre-TRMM and TRMM Ground Truth Site. Annual rept. on NASA Grant NAG-5-870, April.
Wet season transports of trace gases. Annual rept. on NASA Cooperative Agreement NCC1-106, September.
1989: Wet season transports of trace gases over the Amazon basin. Annual report on NASA
Cooperative Agreement NCC1-106, April.
Design of the Primary Pre-TRMM and TRMM Ground Truth Site. Annual progress rept. on NASA Grant NAG-5-870, June.
Design of the Primary Pre-TRMM and TRMM Ground Truth Site. Annual rept.
on NASA Grant NAG-5-870, April.
Modeling trace gas transports. Annual rept. on NASA Grant NAGW-1731, September.
1990: Modeling trace gas transports. Annual report on NASA Grant NAGW-1731, September.
Design of the Primary and Secondary Pre-TRMM and TRMM Ground Truth
Sites. Annual report on NASA Grant NAG-5-870, April.
1991: Design of the Primary and Secondary Pre-TRMM and TRMM Ground Truth Sites.
Final report on NASA Grant NAG-5-870, August.
Trace gas and aerosol transports into and out of the Amazon Basin. Progress
report on NASA Cooperative Agreement NCC1-106, September.
Modeling trace gas transports. Final report on NASA Grant NAGW-1731, October.
1992: Trace gas and aerosol transports into and out of the Amazon Basin. Progress
report on NASA Cooperative Agreement NCC1-106, August.
1993: Characterization of aerosols over southern Africa (CASA). Annual report to NSF,
September.
Trace gas and aerosol transports into and out of the Amazon Basin. Annual report to NASA, October.
TRMM atmospheric water budget studies (TABS). Annual report to NASA,
October.
1994: Trace gas and aerosol transports into and out of the Amazon Basin. Final report to NASA, July.
1995: TRMM atmospheric water budgets (TABS). Annual report to NASA, January.
1996: Characterization of aerosols over southern Africa (CASA), Final Rept. to NSF,
February.
1997: Meteorological controls on long range infrasound propagation, Final Rept. to
NSF, March.
TRMM atmospheric budget studies (TABS), Interim report to NASA, April.
LASE validation experiment, Progress report to NASA, April.
1998: AQUARIUS, Annual Progress report to NASA, March.
1999: LASE Validation Experiment, Part I; Carbon monoxide distributions and atmospheric transports over southern Africa, Part II, Final report to NASA under grant NAG1-1774, July.
2000: Atmospheric controls on calling animals over long-range and low-frequencies (AC-
CALLS), Final report to National Geographic Society, August.
2001: SAFARI-2000 Workshop Report (M. Garstang, V. Turekian, G. Helas, and P. Silva Dias). Report prepared for NASA, November.
2003: Critical Issues in Weather Modification Research (M. Garstang, R. Braham, R.T. Bruintjes, S. Clifford, R. Hoffman, D. Lilly, R. Serafin, P. Try, and J. Verlinde). NRC National Academies Report, Washington, D.C., 123 pp.
Publications: Proceedings and Papers Presented
1964: Wind structure over a tropical island. A preliminary survey. Proc. U.S. Army Conf.
on Trop. Meteor., Ft. Monmouth, N.J., pp. 26-34.
1965: Diurnal and semi-diurnal variations of sensible and latent heat exchange, cloudiness and precipitation over the western tropical Atlantic. Proc. U.S. Army Conf. on Trop. Meteor., Miami, FL, pp. 123-136.
1965: Sensible and latent heat exchange in low latitude synoptic scale systems. Proc. U.S.
Weather Bureau Air-Sea Conf., Tallahassee, FL, Tech. Note 9-SAIL-1, pp. 105-146.
1966: Atmospheric scales of motion and rainfall distribution. Proc. U.S. Army Conf. on Trop. Meteor., Miami, FL, pp. 24-36.
1967: The role of momentum exchange in flow over a heated island. Proc. U.S. Army
Conf. on Trop. Meteor., Coral Gables, FL, pp. 178-195.
An unattended buoy system for digital recording of air-sea energy exchange parameters. Trans. 2nd Internat. Buoy Tech. Symp. of Marine Tech. Soc., Washington, D.C., pp. 193-200 (with P.F. Smith and K.E. Perry).
1970: Results from a comprehensive tropical field experiment. Proc. Symp. Trop.
Meteor., A.M.S./W.M.O., Honolulu, HI, August (with N.E. LaSeur and R. Hadlock).
1974: A case study of the cloud seeding potential of the southeastern coastal belt of Africa.
Proc. Internat. Symp. Trop. Meteor., Nairobi, Kenya, February, pp. 205-208 (with P.D.
Tyson and S. Moskowitz).
1975: Some of the lesser known facts about GATE. Luncheon talk, A.M.S. 9th Tech. Conf. on
Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Key Biscayne, FL, May.
The first 1000 m above a GATE ship. Paper presented at the 9th Tech. Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Key Biscayne, FL, December (with J. Simpson, G.D. Emmitt, G. Barnes and E. Tollerud).
1976: Mass and energy transports of convective clouds. Paper presented at the 10th Tech.
Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Charlottesville, VA, July (with G.D.
Emmitt and J. Simpson).
Variations in the depth of the mixed layer. Paper presented at the 10th Tech. Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Charlottesville, VA, July (with G. Barnes).
1977: Surface kinematic clues to convective rainfall events. Preprint Vol. A.M.S. Sixth Conf. on Inadvertent and Planned Weather Modification, Champaign-Urbana, IL, October, pp. 187-189 (with S.L. Ulanski).
Coastal zone wind energy. Paper presented at the Third Biennial Conf. and Workshop on Wind Energy Conversion Systems, Washington, D.C., September, pp.
381-390.
1978: The wind potential of the coastal zone. Preprint Vol. Paper presented at the Third
U.S. Nat. Conf. on Wind Engineering Res., Gainesville, FL, February 26-March 2 (with J.W. Snow, R. Pielke and H. Cooper).
Offshore wind power model estimates. Proc. Second Internat. Symp. Wind Energy
Systems, Amsterdam, October, pp. B4.33-B4.48 (with R. Pielke, C. Aspliden and J.W.
Snow).
Vertical mass and energy transports by cumulus clouds in the tropics. Paper pre-
sented at the GATE Symp. on Oceanography and Surface Layer Meteorology,
Kiel, West Germany, May (with E. Augstein and G.D. Emmitt).
1979: Invited review paper: The disturbed tropical atmospheric boundary layer. Proc. Seminar on The Impact of GATE on Large-Scale Numerical Modeling, August, Woods
Hole, MA, pp. 152-163.
Invited review paper: The tropical atmospheric boundary layer: role in the
formation and maintenance of hurricanes. RMS/AMS/AAS Internat. Conf. on Tropical Cyclones, Perth, Australia, November.
1980: Measurements of wind shear at the Mod-l Site, Boone, N.C. Paper presented at the
AIAA/SERI Wind Energy Conf., Proc. Paper No. AIAA-80- 0648-CP, Boulder, CO,
April, pp. 200-204 (with J.W. Snow and G.D. Emmitt).
1981: The role of near surface outflow in maintaining convective activity. Proc. Third Scientific Assembly of IAMAP, Hamburg, West Germany, August (with H.J. Cooper).
1983: Synoptic controls and long-term periodicity in southern hemisphere rainfall. First Internat. Conf. on Southern Hemisphere Meteorology, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil,
July 31-August 6 (with G. Brier, B.E.Kelbe and R. Diab).
The initiation of deep convection over northeastern South Africa and Swaziland.
First Internat. Conf. on Southern Hemisphere Meteorology, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil, July 31-August 6 (with B.E. Kelbe).
Anatomy of drought. Symposium on Atmospheric Sciences in South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa, October 18-20 (with G.D. Emmitt).
Wind power potential of South Africa coastal regions. Symposium on Atmospheric Sciences in South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa, October 18-20
(with R. Diab).
1985: The tropical marine boundary layer in an atmospheric chemistry experiment. Spring AGU
meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 27-31.
1986: The Amazon Boundary Layer Experiment. Spring AGU meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 19-22 (with R. Harriss, S.C. Wofsy and L.C.B. Molion).
Growth and decay of the atmospheric boundary layer over a tropical rain forest.
Spring AGU meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 19-22 (with D. Fitzjarrald, S. Houston, C. Martin and D. Martin).
Haze layers over central Amazonia: Sources and chemical characteristics. Spring AGU meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 19-22 (with M.O. Andreae, E.V. Browell, G.L.
Gregory, R.C. Harriss, G.W. Sachse, S.T. Shipley, R.W. Talbot, P.L.S. Dias, A.W. Setzer,
A.L. Torres and S.C. Wofsy).
The influence of convection on tropospheric chemistry in the central Amazon. Spring
AGU meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 19-22 (with S. Beck, E. Browell, P. Dias, G.
Gregory, R. Harriss, G. Hill and G. Sachse).
Biogenic hydrocarbon emissions from the Amazon Basin. Spring AGU meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 19-22 (with P.R. Zimmerman, J.P. Greenberg, C. Westberg, C.L. Martin and D. Martin).
Exchange processes between the Amazon forest canopy and the atmosphere. Spring AGU
meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 19-22 (with D. Fitzjarrald, W. Kaplan, M. Keller, V.
Kirchoff, C. Martin, D. Martin, M. Andreae, P. Zimmerman, S. Wofsy and L. Molion).
Trace gas exchanges and transports over the Amazonian rain forest. Paper presented at the Second International Conference on Southern Hemisphere Meteorology, Wellington, New Zealand, December (with S. Greco, J. Scala, R. Harriss, E. Browell, G. Sachse, J. Simpson, W.-K. Tao and A. Torres), pp. 449-452.
1986: Classification of synoptic weather regimes in South Africa by discriminant analysis. Paper at the Second International Conference on Southern Hemisphere
Meteorology, Wellington, New Zealand, December (R. Diab and M. Garstang), pp. 374-377.
1987: Estimation of tropical rainfall. Paper presented at International Symposium on Tropical Precipitation Measurements, Tokyo, Japan, October (with C. Cosgrove,
R. Swap and S. Greco).
1988: The meteorological design of the ABLE-2B. Spring AGU meeting, Baltimore, MD, May
16-20 (with D. Fitzjarrald, P.L. Silva Dias, C.A. Nobre and D.W. Martin).
Transports across the forest-atmosphere interface. Spring AGU meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 16-20 (with J. Scala, S. Greco, S. Ulanski, E. Browell and R. Harriss).
Some precipitation characteristics of central Amazonas. Spring AGU meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 16-20 (with R. Swap, S. Greco, M. Shipham, V. Connors and P. Ataxo).
Satellite rainfall estimates compared to rainfall received at the PAM-II tower network. Spring AGU meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 16-20 (with M. Shipham, S. Bachmeier, D. Cahoon, R. Swap and S. Greco).
Aerosol composition over the Amazon basin: Wet season 1987. Spring AGU meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 16-20 (with R.W. Talbot, R.C. Harriss, M.O. Andreae, H. Berresheim and C. Nobre).
Convective-mesoscale interactions in the Amazon rainforests during ABLE-2B. Paper
presented at the International Conference on Tropical Meteorology, Brisbane, Australia,
July 4-8 (with J. Scala).
Intraseasonal variability in precipitation and kinematics within the Amazonian wet season. Paper presented at the Fifth Brazilian Meteorol. Congress, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, November 7-11 (S. Greco, R. Swap, S. Ulanski, M. Garstang and M. Shipham)
GOES satellite imagery for aircraft-based studies of tropospheric chemistry in remote regions. Paper #AIAA-88-0582 presented at the 26th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, January 11-14, Reno, NV (M. Shipham and M. Garstang).
1989: Cumulus cloud model estimates of trace gas transports. Proc. A.M.S. Symposium on the Role of Clouds in Atmospheric Chemistry and Global Climate, Anaheim, CA,
Jan. 30-Feb. 2 (M. Garstang, J. Scala, J. Simpson, W.-K. Tao, A. Thompson,
K.E. Pickering and R. Harriss), pp. 260-263.
Cloud draft structure and trace gas transport. Paper presented AGU Spring
Meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 7-12 (J. Scala, M. Garstang, W.-K. Tao,
J. Simpson, A. Thompson, K. Pickering, R. Harriss, E. Browell and G. Sachse)
The nocturnal boundary layer of the Central Amazon Basin: Stratification, acceleration and trace gas transports. Paper presented AGU Spring Meeting,
Baltimore, MD, May 7-12 (S. Greco, M. Garstang and S. Ulanski)
Characteristics of rain bearing systems in the Central Amazon Basin. Paper presented AGU Spring Meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 7-12 (R. Swap, S. Greco, M. Garstang, S. Ulanski, R. Harriss, R. Talbot, M. Andreae and P. Artaxo)
Equatorial weather regimes over South America during April-May 1987. Paper presented at the AGU Spring Meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 7-12 (V. Connors, D.
Cahoon, Jr., M. Garstang and S. Nolf)
Kinematic responses to a major rainfall event over the Central Amazon Basin. Paper
presented AGU Spring Meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 7-12 (S. Ulanski, S. Greco, H.
Massie, M. Garstang and R. Swap)
Net ozone production in air processes by tropical convective clouds. Paper
presented AGU Spring Meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 7-12 (K. Pickering, A. Thompson, W.-K. Tao, M. Garstang and R. Harriss)
Model estimates of the effects of deep convective clouds on trace gas distributions and concentrations. Paper presented at the Internat. Conf. on Global and Regional
Environmental Atmospheric Chemistry, Beijing, China, May (K. Pickering,
A. Thompson, W.-K. Tao, M. Garstang, R. Harriss and R. Dickerson)
Evolution and structure of the planetary boundary layer over the tropical rain forest.
Abstract for 5th Scientific Assembly, International Assoc. Meteor. and Atmos. Phys.,
Reading, U.K., July 31-August 11 (M. Garstang, S. Greco, D. Fitzjarrald, S. Ulanski and
S. Houston)
Local circulations over the Central Amazon Basin. Proc. Third Internat. Conf. on Southern Hemisphere Meteorology and Oceanography, Buenos Aires, Argentina,
November 13-17, pp. 213-215 (S. Greco, M. Garstang, S. Ulanski, S. Houston and R. Swap)
The nature and origin of wet season rainfall over the Central Amazon Basin. Proc. Third Internat. Conf. on Southern Hemisphere Meteorology and Oceanography, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Nov. 13-17, pp. 216-217 (R. Swap, S. Greco, M. Garstang, M. Andreae, R.Harriss, R. Talbot and P. Artaxo)
Boundary and convective interactions between the atmosphere and the equatorial rainforest. Paper presented at the FSU 40th Anniversary Conf., Tallahassee, FL,
November 30-December 1 (M. Garstang)
1990: Air chemistry over the Amazon Basin. Proc. AMS Symp. on Global Change
Systems, Special Session on Climate Variations and Hydrology, Anaheim, CA,
February 5-9 (R.C. Harriss, S.C. Wofsy and M. Garstang)
Savanna burning and convective mixing in southern Africa: Implications for CO
emissions and transport. Paper presented at Chapman Conf. on Global Biomass Burning, Williamsburg, VA, March 19-23 (V.S. Connors, D.R. Cahoon, Jr., H.G. Reichle,
Jr., M. Garstang, W. Seiler and H.E. Scheel)
The complexity of convective transport. Paper presented at Chapman Conf. on Global
Biomass Burning, Williamsburg, VA, March 19-23 (J. Scala, M. Garstang,
W.-K. Tao and K. Pickering)
1991: Long range transport of Saharan dust into the central Amazon Basin over 10-14 days.
Proc. AMS 71st Annual Meeting, 7th Joint Conference on Applications of Air Pollution
Meteorology, New Orleans, LA, January 13-18 (R. Swap, M. Garstang, S. Greco and P.
Kallberg)
The effect of tropical squall-type convection on the vertical transport and redistribution of trace gases. Proc. AMS Seventh Joint Conf. on Appl. Air Poll. Meteor.
with AWMA, New Orleans, LA, 228-231 (J. Scala, W.-K. Tao, K. Pickering, A.
Thompson, J. Simpson and M. Garstang)
The role of the Amazon rain forest in the global climate. AAAS Lecture Series, The Paul
McInerney Memorial Lecture, Millersville University, Millersville, PA, February (M.
Garstang)
Atmospheric weather regimes over tropical South America. Proc. AMS 19th Conf. Hurr. Trop. Meteor., Miami, FL, 64-67 (V. Connors, M. Garstang and S. Nolf)
Nocturnal boundary layer accelerations in the Central Amazon Basin. Proc. AMS 19th Conf. Hurr. Trop. Meteor., Miami, FL, 140-143 (S. Greco, M. Garstang, S. Ulanski
and S. Houston)
Heat and moisture budgets in an Amazon traveling disturbance line. Proc. AMS 19th Conf. Hurr. Trop. Meteor., Miami, FL, 162-167 (H. Massie and M. Garstang)
Saharan dust transport into the Central Amazon Basin. Proc. AMS 19th Conf. Hurr. and
Trop. Meteor., Miami, FL, 77-80 (R. Swap, S. Greco, M. Garstang and P. K llberg)
Saharan dust transport. Seminar presented at the Max-Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Mainz, Germany, August (M. Garstang)
1992: Structure and energetics of Amazon coastal squall lines. AMS 72nd Annual Meeting, Atlanta, GA, January 5-10 (J. Halverson, S. Greco, H. Massie and M. Garstang)
Increases in tropospheric ozone over southern Africa and the adjacent oceans. 1992
Quadrennial Ozone Symposium, Charlottesville, VA, June 4-13
(M. Garstang, J. Lindesay, R. Diab and S. Greco).
1993: Overview of the meteorology during SAFARI, 25 August-31 October 1992. Paper
presented at the SAFARI Data Workshop, Stellenbosch, S.A., May, (M. Garstang, P.
Tyson, J. Lindesay, M. Edwards and P. K llberg).
Trajectory and aerosol climatology as applied to long range chemical transports over Southern Africa. Paper presented at the SAFARI Data Workshop, Stellenbosch, S.A., May (M. Garstang, J. Lindesay, P. Tyson, M. Edwards, P. K llberg and P. Artaxo).
Chemical and isotopic composition of surface aerosol samples taken at Etosha National Park during the SAFARI. Paper presented at the SAFARI Data Workshop, Stellenbosch, S.A., May (S. Macko, R. Swap, M. Garstang and R.
Talbot).
Trapping and transport of aerosols over southern Africa during the SAFARI field experiment period, 1992. Paper presented at the SASAS Meeting, Pretoria, South Africa, October (P.D. Tyson, M. Garstang, M. Edwards and P. K llberg).
Size-fractionated atmospheric aerosol composition and aerosol sources at Etosha, Namibia and Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe. Paper presented at the AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA, December (W. Maenhaut, I. Salma, M. Garstang and F. Meixner).
The long-range transport of southern African aerosols to the tropical south Atlantic. Paper presented at the AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA, December (R. Swap, M. Garstang, S. Macko, R. Talbot, P. Artaxo and P. K llberg).
1994: An air transport climatology for southern Africa. Invited paper presented at
the Eleventh Annual Conf. of the South African Society for Atmospheric
Sciences, Pretoria, South Africa, October (P.D. Tyson, M. Garstang, R. Swap,
M. Edwards and P. K llberg).
Mesoscale and global transport: The processes and their implications for gases and particles. Paper presented at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Biomass Burning Emissions and Global Change, Algarve, Portugal, October 12-15 (M. Garstang, P.D. Tyson, R. Swap, S. Ulanski and P. K llberg).
The chemical and isotopic characterization of biomass burning materials. Invited
paper presented at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Biomass
Burning Emissions and Global Change, Alglarve, Portugal, October 12-15
(S. Macko, D. Ballentine, V. Turekian, R. Swap, W. Gilhooly, M. Garstang
and B. Martinci).
Bulk and compound specific isotpes as tracers of biomass burning. Paper
presented at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Biomass Burning
Emissions and Global Change, Algarve, Portugal, October 12-15 (V. Turekian,
S. Macko, R. Swap and M. Garstang).
Mesoscale water budget of Florida convective systems. Paper presented at the AGU Water Vapor in the Climate System Meeting, Jekyll Island, GA, October 25-28 (J.B. Halverson and M. Garstang).
The exploration of combined geochemical techniques as indicators of aerosol sources and
source regions. Paper presented at the Geological Society of America(s Annual Meeting,
Seattle, WA, October (R. Swap, S. Macko, M. Garstang, R. Talbot, W. Maenhaut and P.
Artaxo).
Bulk and compound specific isotopes as tracers of biomass burning. Paper presented at the Geological Society of America(s Annual Meeting, Seattle,
WA, October (V. Turekian, S. Macko, R. Swap, M. Garstang and W. Gilhooly).
Abiotic controls on elephant communication. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of
the Acoustical Society of America, November 28-December 2, Austin, TX (M. Garstang,
D. Larom, R. Raspet and M. Lindeque).
Correlation of the geochemistry and meteorology of southern African aerosols.
Paper presented at the Fall AGU Meeting, San Francisco, CA, December (R.
Swap, S. Macko, M. Garstang, W. Maenhaut and R. Talbot).
1995: Large scale transport of biogenic and biomass burning products over southern Africa.
Proc. AMS Fourth Conf. on Global Change Studies, Dallas, TX, January, pp. 235-238
(M. Garstang, R. Swap, P.D. Tyson and P. K llberg).
Southern African aerosol transport, loadings and deposition during SAFARI 1992. Proc. AMS Fourth Conf. on Global Change Studies, Dallas, TX, January, pp. 215-217
(R. Swap, M. Garstang, P.D. Tyson, P. K llberg, W. Maenhaut, R. Talbot, S. Macko and
E. Browell).
Bulk and molecular level isotope analysis of products of vegetation burns.
Paper presented at the AGU Chapman Conf. on Biomass Burning and Global
Change, Williamsburg, VA, March (V. Turekian, S. Macko, W. Gilhooly,
R. Swap, D. Ballentine, M. Garstang).
Determination and verification of atmospheric transport of biomass burning products. Paper presented at the AGU Chapman Conf. on Biomass Burning and Global Change, Williamsburg, VA, March (M. Garstang, P. Tyson, E. Browell and R. Swap).
Contributions of biomass burning emissions vs. biogenic emissions to the tropical south Atlantic. Paper presented at the AGU Chapman Conf. on Biomass Burning and Global Change, Williamsburg, VA, March (R. Swap, M. Garstang, S. Macko, P. Tyson, P. K llberg).
Horizontal and vertical transport of aerosols and trace gases from southern Africa: Implications for global change. Paper presented at the AGU Chapman Conf. on Biomass Burning and Global Change, Williamsburg, VA, March (P. Tyson, M. Garstang, R. Swap, M. Edwards, P. K llberg and E. Browell).
Stable carbon isotopic analysis of charcoal from controlled and natural burns. Poster presented at the AGU Chapman Conf. on Biomass Burning and Global Change, Williamsburg, VA, March (W. Gilhooly, D. Verardo, S. Macko, V. Turekian, R. Swap and M. Garstang).
Combined application of INAA and PIXE for the study of the regional aerosol
composition in Southern Africa. Paper presented at the Ninth International
Conference on Modern Trends in Activation Analysis (MTAA), September 24-30,
Seoul, Korea (I. Salma, W. Maenhaut, H.J. Annegarn, M.O. Andreae, F.X. Meixner and M. Garstang)
Global impact of African aerosols, Part I: Three-dimensional transports from
southern Africa. Paper presented at the First GAIM Science Conference,
Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, September (P.D. Tyson, M. Garstang and
R. Swap)
Global impact of African aerosols, Part II: Seasonal distributions and radiative
balances. Paper presented at the First GAIM Science Conference, Garmisch-
Partenkirchen, Germany, September (M. Garstang, R. Swap, S. Ulanski, P.D.
Tyson)
1996: Combined bulk isotope analysis and compound specific isotope analysis of fatty acids to separate C3 and C4 sources aerosol particles from elevated vegetation and from biomass burning. To be presented at the IGAC/BIBEX Symp., Den Hangue, May (V.C. Turekian, S.A. Macko, D.C. Ballentine and M. Garstang)
1997: Defining territory with sound. Proc. AMS Fifth Internat. Conf. on Southern
Hemisphere Meteorology and Oceanography, Pretoria, South Africa, April
(M. Garstang, D. Larom, K. Payne and M. Lindeque)
Surface meteorology and animal communication. Paper presented at the American Acoustical Society meeting, San Diego, CA, December (D. Larom, M. Garstang, K. Payne and R. Raspet)
1999: GATE origins, goals and gains. Invited paper, AMS 23rd Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Reflections on GATE, Dallas, TX (January) (M. Garstang)
Uncertainties in the atmospheric mixed layer to the determination of diabatic heating. AGU Spring Meeting, Boston, MA (May) (J.D. Fuentes, M. Garstang, S. Greco, J. Halverson, B. Ferrier, G. Fisch, R. Heitz, J. Sigler, P. Oliveira and J. Tota)
Implications of uncertainties in the atmospheric mixed layer to the determination of diabatic heating. AGU Spring Meeting, Boston, MA (J. Fuentes, M. Garstang, S. Greco, J. Halverson, B. Ferrier, G. Fisch, R. Heitz, J. Sigler, P. de Oliveira and J. da Tota Silva)
1999: Overview of tethered balloon and flux tower measurements in Brazil and Kwajalein. TRMM/GPM Meeting, College Park, MD (M. Garstang and J. Fuentes)
Origin of rainwater in the Amazon Basin. TRMM/GPM Meeting, College Park, MD (M. Garstang, I. Angelini and S. Macko)
LBA boundary layer processes over Rondonia. WETAMC/LBA/TRMM Workshop, Cachoeira Paulista, Sao Paulo, Brazil (A. Betts, J. Ball, J. Fuentes and M. Garstang)
Sources of rainwater to the Amazon basin. AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA (I. Angelini, S. Macko, M. Garstang, R. Swap, E. Cutrim, H. de Cunha and D. Nechet)
2000: Surface ozone concentrations and deposition to a deforested site in Rondonia, Brazil. AMS Symp. Atmos. Chem. Issues in the 21st Century, Long Beach, CA (January), pp. 89-92 (J.M. Sigler, R.C. Heitz, J.D. Fuentes and M. Garstang)
Linking surface-based processes to the deeper atmosphere at a Brazilian tropical deforested site. AMS 15th Conf. Hydrol., Long Beach, CA (January), pp. 307-308 (J.D. Fuentes, R.C. Heitz, M. Garstang, J.M. Sigler, B. Ferrier, J. Halverson, A.K.
Betts, G.F. Fisch, J. Tota, P.J. de Oliveira)
Boundary layer thermodynamics over Rondonia in the rainy season (TRMM/LBA). AMS 15th Conf. Hydrol., Long Beach, CA (January) (A.K. Betts, J.D. Fuentes, M. Garstang)
Wet season boundary layer dynamics over a deforested pasture site in Amazonia.
AMS Conf. Hydrol., Long Beach, CA (January), 315-318 (R.C. Heitz, J.M. Sigler, J.D. Fuentes, M. Garstang and B. Ferrier)
The clouds-induced bimodal characteristics and enhancements of surface irradiance as observed over a Brazilian grassland. AMS 15th Conf. Hydrol., Long Beach, CA (January), 394-397 (L. Gu, J.D. Fuentes, M. Garstang, R.C. Heitz and J.M. Sigler)
A comparative study of the scaling behavior of various atmospheric measurables.
European Geophys. Soc. XXV General Assembly, Nice, France (April) (A. Carsteanu, J.D. Fuentes and M. Garstang)
Surface diurnal cycle and boundary layer structure over Rondonia using LBA/WETAMC. First LBA Science Conf., Belem, Brazil (June) (A.K. Betts, J. Ball, J. Fuentes and M. Garstang)
Subcloud vertical velocity fields and the growth of cumulus clouds. AMS Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, Dallas, TX (January) (M. Garstang, K. Levey and J. Halverson)
Rainfall and electrification characteristics of MCS during TRMM-LBA in the context of varying environmental wind regimes. AMS 24th Conf. Hurr. and Trop. Meteor., Ft. Lauderdale, FL (J. Halverson, T. Rickenbach, E. Williams, R. Ferriera, R. Cifelli, G. Fisch and M. Garstang)
Boundary layer dynamics and associated entrainment rates of heat and water vapor over a pasture site in Amazonia. AMS 14th Symp. Boundary Layers and Turbulence, Aspen, CO (J. Fuentes, R. Heitz, A. Betts, M. Garstang, J. Sigler, B. Ferrier and J. Halverson)
Origins and pathways of rainwater in the Central Amazon Basin. TRMM
Science Team Meeting, Greenbelt, MD (I. Angelini, M. Garstang, and S. Macko)
The origin and role of convective outflows in tropical continental and oceanic convective storms. AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA (M. Garstang, J. Fuentes, J. Sigler, and P. Yang)
Dynamics of the tropical continental and oceanic boundary layer during TRMM-LBA and KWAJEX. AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA (J. Sigler, J. Fuentes, M. Garstang, A. Betts, and P. Yang)
2001: Structure and growth of the continental and oceanic boundary layer. TRMM Annual Science Meeting, Ft. Collins, CO, October (T.L. O(Halloran, J.D. Fuentes, M. Garstang, and D. Fitzjarrald)
2002: The diurnal cycle of temperature and wind velocity and animal low-frequency calls. Invited paper IGARSS 2002 Meeting, Toronto, Canada, June (M. Garstang and D. Fitzjarrald)
Tropical continental boundary layer entrainment water vapor fluxes. Proc. AMS 25th Conf. Agric. Forest Meteor., 89-90, Norfolk, VA, May (C. Strong, J.D. Fuentes, M. Garstang, W.-K. Tao, and A. Betts)
Vertical transport enhances ozone levels in the tropical atmospheric boundary layer. Proc. AMS 25th Conf. Agric. Forest Meteor., J73-74, Norfolk, VA, May (J. Sigler, J. Fuentes, M. Garstang, and X. Lee)
Dynamics of continental and marine tropical boundary layers. TRMM Internat. Sci. Conf., Honolulu, HI, July (T. O(Halloran, J. Fuentes, M. Garstang, and D. Fitzjarrald)
Meteorology and the environment. LaSeur Symposium, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, June (M. Garstang)
2003: Contrasting continental and marine conditions on remotely sensed rainfall. Invited paper IGARSS 2003 Meeting, Toulouse, France, July (M. Garstang, J. Fuentes, T. O(Halloran, and C. Strong)
2004: Verifying modeled tropical convective systems during KWAJEX using surface flux and tethered balloon measurements. AMS 84th Annual Meeting, Seattle, WA, January (T. O(Halloran, J. Fuentes, W.-K. Tao, C.-L. Shie, and M. Garstang)
2011: Weather and climate influences on the movement patterns of the African elephant
(Loxodonta africana) and the role of infrasound, 19th Internat. Congress of
Biometeorology, December (R.E. Davis, M. Garstang, K.Leggett, E. Zipser, S. Greco and
M. Petersen)
2018: CPEX 2017: Utilizing NASA s Airborne Doppler Aerosol WiND (DAWN) Lidar and
Dropsondes for convective process studies. AMS 33rd Conf. Hurr. Trop. Meteorol.,
Ponte Vedra, FL, 16-20 April (G.D. Emmitt, M. Garstang, S. Greco, Z. Pu, S. Chen,
and E. Zipser).
CPEX 2017: Utilizing the airborne Doppler Aerosol WiND lidar and dropsondes for
convective process studies IOAS Observing Systems, Part II. AMS Annual Mtg.,
Austin, TX, 10 January (G.D. Emmitt, S. Greco, M. Garstang and M. Beaubien)
CPEX 2017: Evaluating the precision and bias of NASA s Airborne Doppler Aerosol
WiND (DAWN) lidar using comparisons with dropsondes and other wind observing
systems. AMS 33rd Conf. Hurr. Trop. Meteorol., Ponte Vedra, FL, 16-20 April.
(G.D. Emmitt, S. Greco, M. Garstang and M. Beaubien)
DAWN performance during CPEX 2017, comparison with dropsondes and future
applications. Working Group on Space-based Lidar Winds, David Skaggs Research
Center, Boulder, CO, 7-8 February. (G.D. Emmitt, S. Greco, M. Garstang, M. Kavaya,
and U. Singh)
Utilizing DAWN wind measurements for convective process studies and mass budget
Calculations. Working Group on Space-based Lidar Winds, David Skaggs Research
Center, Boulder, CO, 7-8 February. (S. Greco, G.D. Emmitt, M. Garstang, M. Kavaya,
and U. Singh)
2019: The Doppler Aerosol Wind (DAWN) lidar during CPEX 2017: Performance
Assessment, data processing and data products. AMS 99th Annual Mtg., 9th
Symposium on Lidar Atmospheric Applications, Phoenix, AZ, 7 January. (G.D. Emmitt,
S. Greco, M. Garstang, and M. Kavaya)
Doppler Aerosol WiND (DAWN) lidar from CPEX 2017: Convective process
Studies and comparisons with other wind measurement sensors and numerical
Models. AMS 99th Annual Mtg., 23rd Conf. Integrated Observing and Assimilation
Systems for the Atmosphere, Oceans and Land Surface (IOAS-AOLS), 8 January.
(S. Greco, G.D. Emmitt, M. Garstang, M. Kavaya and Z. Pu)
2021: Mass budget calculations, data assimilation,and model forecast impacts for varying convective activity during CPEX 2017. AMS 101st Annual Mtg., January. (S. Greco, D. Emmitt, M. Garstang and Z. Pu)
Publications: Other
1964: The distribution and mechanisms of energy exchange between the tropical oceans and atmosphere. PhD dissertation, Florida State University, 209 pp.
1967: Fueling of the air-sea system. School Science and Math, LXVII, Whole No. 595,
707-716.
1970: Parameterization of energy flux between ocean and atmosphere. Meteor. Monogr., 11, 178-182 (panel discussion with K. Bryan, A.D. Kirwin, N.E. LaSeur, J.S. Simpson and W.C. Swinbank).
1973: Atmospheric-oceanic observations in the tropics. Oceanography: Contemporary Readings in Ocean Sciences, 177-195 (with N.E. LaSeur, K.L. Warsh, R. Hadlock and J.R. Petersen).
1974: Convective cloud code manual. Prepared for the Global Atmospheric Research Project
Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE) (with C. Aspliden).
1980: Lecture series prepared for the Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico entitled "An Introduction to Tropical Meteorology", June, 195 pp.
1984: Lectures prepared for the Department of Meteorology, Bangkok, Thailand, entitled "An
Introduction to the Theory and Practice of Solar and Wind Energy Conversions", January,
249 pp.
1986: Book review of: HIPLEX: A cooperative program on rain augmentation in the
High Plains. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., May issue.
1990: Book review of: Flow and transport in the natural environment: Advances and
applications. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 71, 845-847.
1996: Book review of: Amazonian Deforestation and Climate. J. Trop. Ecol..
Smoke, smog and airmass residence time over southern Africa. In Atmospheric
Phenomena - An Astronaut Training Manual, M.J. Wilkinson (ed.), Section 5, pp. 176-198, unpublished NASA-Johnson Space Center document JSC-26979 (R. Swap, P. Tyson and M. Garstang)
Other Publication Activities
1968: Editor, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 49, Number 6, June.
Preface by M. Garstang, p. 626.
The McGill University climatology program in Barbados, by B.J. Garnier, 636-639.
Gun-launched probes over Barbados, by C.H. Murphy and G.V. Bull, pp. 640-644.
Atmospheric dust studies in Barbados, by J.M. Prospero, pp. 645-652.
Editor with C.S. Ramage and M.A. Estoque: Structure of an Arabian Sea Summer Monsoon by F.R. Miller and R.N. Keshavamurthy, International Indian Ocean
Expedition Monograph #1, East-West Center Press, Honolulu, HI, 94 pp.
1969: Editor with C.S. Ramage and M.A. Estoque: Average cloudiness in the tropics from
satellite observations by J.C. Sadler, International Indian Ocean Expedition Monograph #2, East-West Center Press, Honolulu, HI, 12 plates, 94 pp.
Editor with C.S. Ramage and M.A. Estoque: Meteorological data catalog by J.R. Nicholson, International Indian Ocean Expedition Monograph #3, East-West Center Press, Honolulu, HI.
Editor with C.S. Ramage and M.A. Estoque: Tropical Indian Ocean clouds by A.F.
Bunker and M. Chaffee, International Indian Ocean Expedition Monograph #4, East-West
Center Press, Honolulu, HI, 193 pp.
1971: Editor with C.S. Ramage and M.A. Estoque: An investigation of heat exchange by D.J. Portman and E. Ryznar, International Indian Ocean Expedition Monograph #5, East-
West Center Press, Honolulu, HI, 76 pp.
1972: Editor with C.S. Ramage and M.A. Estoque: Profiles of wind, temperature and humidity over the Arabian Sea by F.I. Badgley, C.A. Paulson and M. Miyake, International Indian Ocean Expedition Monograph #6, East-West Center Press, Honolulu, HI, 60 pp.
1975: Editor with C.S. Ramage and M.A. Estoque: Computation of surface layer air parcel
trajectories and weather in the ocean tropics by A.H. Gordon and R.C. Taylor,
International Indian Ocean Expedition Monograph #7, East-West Center Press,
Honolulu, HI, 105 pp.
2002 Participant in National Geographic Film: Giants of Etosha . Filmed during field work
in Etosha National Park, Namibia.
2003 Co-Editor with R. Simpson (Ed.), R. Anthes: Hurricane!: Coping with Disaster,
Amer. Geophys. Union, Washington, D.C., 360 pp.
Grants and Contracts
Principal Investigator with N.E. LaSeur, C.L. Jordan, T.N. Krishnamurti and Y. Hseuh: A multiple scale research program in tropical meteorology, Department of Defense: Funding: $874,000.
Principal Investigator with J. Gille and K. Warsh: The tropical oceanic and atmospheric boundary layer, National Science Foundation: Funding: $154,800.
Principal Investigator: Measurement and analysis of surface rainfall and wind as part of the EML 197l Cumulus Seeding Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Funding: $44,096.
Principal Investigator: The turbulent structure of the low latitude subcloud layer, National Science Foundation: Funding: $590,000.
Principal Investigator: Environmental development, test and calibration facilities, NIH Biomedical Sciences: Funding: $5,000.
Principal Investigator: Combined observing and seeding experiment, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Funding: $65,249.
Principal Investigator: Florida rainfall models, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Funding: $28,000.
Principal Investigator: The turbulent structure of the low latitude subcloud, National Science Foundation: Funding: $83,652.
Principal Investigator with C. Aspliden, J. Simpson and R.H. Simpson: Cloud populations and their interaction with the boundary layer, National Science Foundation: Funding: $86,600.
Principal Investigator with C. Aspliden, J. Simpson and R.H. Simpson: Cloud populations and their interaction with the boundary layer, National Science Foundation: Funding: $251,700.
Principal Investigator with G.D. Emmitt: Definition and documentation of some specific problems inherent in the GATE tethered balloon observations, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Funding: $10,985.
Principal Investigator: GATE Boundary Layer Coordination, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Funding: $23,185.
Principal Investigator: The surface structure of convective rainfall, National Science Foundation: Funding: $6,000.
Principal Investigator with C. Aspliden and R. Pielke: Coastal zone wind energy, ERDA: Funding: $47,639.
Principal Investigator with C. Aspliden, J. Simpson and R.H. Simpson: Cloud populations and their interaction with the boundary layer, National Science Foundation: Funding: $849,500.
Co-Principal Investigator with G.D. Emmitt: Co-operative program between the University of Virginia and the Max-Planck-Institut fur Meteorologie, Hamburg, West Germany for analysis of GATE C-scale boundary layer observations, National Science Foundation: Funding $27,400.
Principal Investigator with C. Aspliden, S. Nnaji and R. Pielke: Coastal zone wind energy, ERDA: Funding: $124,281.
Co-Principal Investigator with S. Nicholson: Study of environmental and climatic changes in Africa during the past five centuries, National Science Foundation: Funding: $46,300.
Principal Investigator with J. Simpson, G. Hornberger: Low-level convergence and the prediction of convective precipitation, in cooperation with NHEML and Illinois State Water Survey: Army Research Office and the National Science Foundation: Funding: $201,104.
Principal Investigator with S. Nnaji and R. Pielke: Coastal zone wind energy, DOE: Funding: $158,527.
Principal Investigator with W. Frank, J. Simpson and R.H. Simpson: Cloud populations and their interaction with the boundary layer, National Science Foundation: Funding: $1,106,200.
Principal Investigator with R. Pielke: Coastal zone wind energy, DOE: Funding: $95,206.
Co-Principal Investigator with S. Nicholson: Study of environmental and climatic changes in Africa during the past five centuries, National Science Foundation, Funding: $55,105.
Principal Investigator: Cloud populations and their interaction with the boundary layer, National Science Foundation: Funding: $61,300.
Principal Investigator with R. Pielke: Coastal zone wind energy, Battelle, Funding: $42,871.
Principal Investigator with J. Simpson and G. Hornberger: Low-level convergence and the prediction of convective precipitation, in cooperation with NHEML and Illinois State Water Survey, NSF and Army Research Office, Funding: $257,114.
Principal Investigator with J.W. Snow: Climatic Station Index, NOAA/NCC, Funding: $75,634.
Principal Investigator with J.W. Snow: Climatic Station Index, NOAA/NCC, Funding: $150,411.
Principal Investigator: Synoptic climatology of the wind resource of the Great Plains states, BPNL, Funding: $83,095.
Principal Investigator: The near surface structure of severe convective storms, NSF, Funding: $50,500.
Principal Investigator: The near surface structure of severe convective storms, NSF, Funding: $57,000.
Principal Investigator: Atlantic Boundary Layer Experiment (ABLE), NASA, Funding: $10,595.
Principal Investigator: Atmospheric surface and boundary layers of the Amazon Basin, NASA, Funding: $111,755.
Principal Investigator: Convective transports over the Amazon Basin, NASA, Funding: $58,505.
Principal Investigator: Design of the primary pre-TRMM and TRMM ground truth site, NASA,
Funding: $39,981.
Principal Investigator: Convective transports over the Amazon Basin, NASA, Funding: $91,072.
Principal Investigator: Design of the primary pre-TRMM and TRMM ground truth site, NASA, Funding $35,220 (supplement).
Principal Investigator: Interpretation of the MAPS and Aircraft measurements of CO over the western hemisphere tropics, NASA, Funding: $16,425.
Principal Investigator: Design of the primary Pre-TRMM and TRMM ground truth site, NASA, Funding: $70,008.
Principal Investigator: Wet season transports of trace gases, NASA, Funding: $95,996.
Principal Investigator: Design of the primary Pre-TRMM and TRMM ground truth site, NASA, Funding: $90,000.
Principal Investigator: Modeling trace gas transports, NASA, Funding: $56,182.
Principal Investigator: Trace gas and aerosol transports into and out of the Amazon Basin, NASA, Funding: $109,870.
Principal Investigator: Modeling trace gas transports, NASA, Funding: $59,689.
Principal Investigator: Design of the primary Pre-TRMM and TRMM ground truth site, NASA, Funding: $64,609.
Principal Investigator: Trace gas and aerosol transports into and out of the Amazon Basin, NASA, Funding: $113,723.
Project Director, Training Grant entitled "Long range transport of biomass burning emissions", NASA, Funding: $22,000.
Principal Investigator: Characterization of aerosols over Southern Africa (CASA), NSF, Funding: $212,100.
Principal Investigator: Atmospheric Water Budget (TOGA/COARE), NASA, Funding: $29,965.
Principal Investigator: TRMM Atmospheric Water Budget Study (TABS), NASA, Funding: $241,384.
Principal Investigator: Interdisciplinary research scenario testing of EOSDIS Version 0 - Series 2, NASA, Funding: $105,960.
Principal Investigator: LASE validation experiment, NASA, Funding: $29,615.
Principal Investigator: Meteorological controls on long range infrasound, NSF, Funding: $9,999.
Co-Principal Investigator: Aerosols over southern Africa, NSF, Funding: $54,956.
Principal Investigator: Keystone species as indicators of climate change, Knickerbocker Foundation, Funding: $22,000.
Co-Principal Investigator: Carbon monoxide distributions and atmospheric transports over southern Africa, NASA, Funding: $36,303.
Co-Principal Investigator: Global environmental change program, University of Virginia s Academic Enhancement Program, Funding: $705,662.
Principal Investigator (Co-PI - S. Macko, R. Swap): AQUARUS, NASA, Funding: $240,212
Principal Investigator (Co-PI - D. Larom, K. Payne): Atmospheric controls on calling of animals over long-ranges at low-frequencies (AC-CALLS), National Geographic Society, Funding: $35,000.
Principal Investigator: LASE validation experiment, NASA, Funding: $30,974.
Co-Principal Investigator: Lower Atmosphere Measurement Program, NASA, Funding: $354,861.
Co-PI: Production of diabatic heating in the tropical troposphere, NASA, Funding: $459,319.
Principal Investigator with N.E. LaSeur, C.L. Jordan, T.N. Krishnamurti and Y. Hseuh: A multiple scale research program in tropical meteorology, Department of Defense: Funding: $874,000.
Principal Investigator with J. Gille and K. Warsh: The tropical oceanic and atmospheric boundary layer, National Science Foundation, Funding: $154,800.
Principal Investigator: Measurement and analysis of surface rainfall and wind as part of the EML 197l Cumulus Seeding Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Funding: $44,096.
Principal Investigator: The turbulent structure of the low latitude subcloud layer, National Science Foundation: Funding: $590,000.
Principal Investigator: Environmental development, test and calibration facilities, NIH Biomedical Sciences: Funding: $5,000.
Principal Investigator: Combined observing and seeding experiment, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Funding: $65,249.
Principal Investigator: Florida rainfall models, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Funding: $28,000.
Principal Investigator: The turbulent structure of the low latitude subcloud, National Science Foundation: Funding: $83,652 (supplement).
Principal Investigator with C. Aspliden, J. Simpson and R.H. Simpson: Cloud populations and their interaction with the boundary layer, National Science Foundation: Funding: $86,600.
Principal Investigator with C. Aspliden, J. Simpson and R.H. Simpson: Cloud populations and their interaction with the boundary layer, National Science Foundation: Funding: $251,700.
Principal Investigator with G.D. Emmitt: Definition and documentation of some specific problems inherent in the GATE tethered balloon observations, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Funding: $10,985.
Principal Investigator: GATE Boundary Layer Coordination, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Funding: $23,185.
Principal Investigator: The surface structure of convective rainfall, National Science Foundation: Funding: $6,000.
Principal Investigator with C. Aspliden and R. Pielke: Coastal zone wind energy, ERDA: Funding: $47,639.
Principal Investigator with C. Aspliden, J. Simpson and R.H. Simpson: Cloud populations and their interaction with the boundary layer, National Science Foundation: Funding: $849,500.
Co-Principal Investigator with G.D. Emmitt: Co-operative program between the University of Virginia and the Max-Planck-Institut fur Meteorologie, Hamburg, West Germany for analysis of GATE C-scale boundary layer observations, National Science Foundation: Funding: $27,400.
Principal Investigator with C. Aspliden, S. Nnaji and R. Pielke: Coastal zone wind energy, ERDA: Funding $124.291.
Co-Principal Investigator with S. Nicholson: Study of environmental and climatic changes in Africa during the past five centuries, National Science Foundation: Funding: $46,300.
Principal Investigator with J. Simpson, G. Hornberger: Low-level convergence and the prediction of convective precipitation, in cooperation with NHEML and Illinois State Water Survey: Army Research Office and the National Science Foundation: Funding: $201,104.
Principal Investigator with S. Nnaji and R. Pielke: Coastal zone wind energy, DOE: Funding: $158,527.
Principal Investigator with W. Frank, J. Simpson and R.H. Simpson: Cloud populations and their interaction with the boundary layer, National Science Foundation: Funding: $1,106,200.
Principal Investigator with R. Pielke: Coastal zone wind energy, DOE: Funding: $95,206.
Co-Principal Investigator with S. Nicholson: Study of environmental and climatic changes in Africa during the past five centuries, National Science Foundation, Funding: $55,105.
Principal Investigator: Cloud populations and their interaction with the boundary layer, National Science Foundation: Funding: $61,300.
Principal Investigator with R. Pielke: Coastal zone wind energy, Battelle, Funding: $42,871.
Principal Investigator with J. Simpson and G. Hornberger: Low-level convergence and the prediction of convective precipitation, in cooperation with NHEML and Illinois State Water Survey, NSF and Army Research Office, Funding: $257,114.
Principal Investigator with J.W. Snow: Climatic Station Index, NOAA/NCC, Funding: $150,411.
Principal Investigator: Synoptic climatology of the wind resource of the Great Plains states, BPNL, Funding: $83,095.
Principal Investigator: The near surface structure of severe convective storms, NSF, Funding: $57,000.
Principal Investigator: Atlantic Boundary Layer Experiment (ABLE), NASA, Funding: $10,595.
Principal Investigator: Atmospheric surface and boundary layers of the Amazon Basin, NASA, Funding: $111,755.
Principal Investigator: Convective transports over the Amazon Basin, NASA, Funding: $149,577.
Principal Investigator: Design of the primary pre-TRMM and TRMM ground truth site, NASA,
Funding: $299,818.
Principal Investigator: Interpretation of the MAPS and Aircraft measurements of CO over the western hemisphere tropics, NASA, Funding: $16,425.
Principal Investigator: Wet season transports of trace gases, NASA, Funding: $95,996.
Principal Investigator: Modeling trace gas transports, NASA, Funding: $115,871.
Principal Investigator: Trace gas and aerosol transports into and out of the Amazon Basin, NASA, Funding: $109,870.
Principal Investigator: Design of the primary Pre-TRMM and TRMM ground truth site, NASA, Funding: $64,609.
Principal Investigator: Trace gas and aerosol transports into and out of the Amazon Basin, NASA, Funding: $113,723.
Project Director, Training Grant entitled "Long range transport of biomass burning emissions", NASA, Funding: $22,000.
Principal Investigator: Characterization of aerosols over Southern Africa (CASA), NSF, Funding: $212,100.
Principal Investigator: Atmospheric Water Budget (TOGA/COARE), NASA, Funding: $29,965.
Principal Investigator: TRMM Atmospheric Water Budget Study (TABS), NASA, Funding: $241,384.
Principal Investigator: Interdisciplinary research scenario testing of EOSDIS Version 0 - Series 2, NASA, Funding: $105,960.
Principal Investigator: LASE validation experiment, NASA, Funding: $29,615.
Principal Investigator: Meteorological controls on long range infrasound, NSF, Funding: $9,999.
Co-Principal Investigator: Aerosols over southern Africa, NSF, Funding: $54,956.
Principal Investigator: Keystone species as indicators of climate change, Knickerbocker Foundation, Funding: $22,000.
Co-Principal Investigator: Carbon monoxide distributions and atmospheric transports over southern Africa, NASA, Funding: $36,303.
Co-Principal Investigator: Global environmental change program, University of Virginia s Academic Enhancement Program, Funding: $705,662
Principal Investigator (Co-PI - S. Macko, R. Swap): AQUARUS, NASA, Funding: $240,212.
Principal Investigator (Co-PI - D. Larom, K. Payne): Atmospheric controls on calling of animals over long-ranges at low-frequencies (AC-CALLS), National Geographic Society, Funding: $35,000.
Principal Investigator: LASE validation experiment, NASA, Funding: $30,974.
Co-Principal Investigator: Lower Atmosphere Measurement Program, NASA, Funding: $354,861.
Co-PI: Production of diabatic heating in the tropical troposphere, NASA, Funding: $459,319.
Principal Investigator, Atmospheric controls on calling of animals over long-ranges at low-
frequencies (AC-CALLS), National Geographic Society, Funding: $35,000.
Principal Investigator, Atmospheric controls on calling of animals over long-range and low-frequencies, National Geographic Society, Funding: $10,000.
Grants and Contracts Other (Simpson Weather Associates)
Rain augmentation in Nelspruit, Sponsor: Water Research Commission, Pretoria, South Africa
1976-2003
A feasibility study of a solar and wind powered desalinization device, Sponsor: Department of Energy/Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories
Solar/Wind resource assessment for Thailand, Sponsor: U.S./AID
Assessment of wind power potential for western Maryland, Sponsor: State of Maryland, Department of Natural Resources
Rain augmentation in Nelspruit, Sponsor: Water Research Commission, Pretoria, South Africa
Wake structure measurements at MOD-2 cluster test facility at Goodnoe Hills, Sponsor: Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories
Wake measurements behind Bendix wind turbine, Sponsor: Southern California Edison Company
Program for atmospheric water supply, Sponsor: Water Research Commission, Pretoria, South Africa
Cross-Appalachian tracer experiment, Sponsor: Battelle/Electrical Power Research Institute
Geophysical hazards consultation, Sponsor: American International Group, New York
Program for atmospheric water supply, Sponsor: Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa
Geophysical hazard consultation, Sponsor: American International Corporation, New York
Geophysical hazard consultation, Sponsor: American International Corporation, New York
Evaluation of Probable Maximum Precipitation Estimates for the Jiguey and Aguacate Dams in the Dominican Republic: Sponsor: Government of the Dominican Republic via a subcontract through Colorado State University, Phase I
Windstorm Presentation, American Home Assurance Co., New York.
Dust emissions and meteorological variables, Norfolk Southern Corporation, Isle of Wight, VA
Rail study of dust emissions, Norfolk Southern Corporation, Roanoke, VA
Atlantic hurricane forecasts, American International Underwriters, New York
Georgia-Pacific Corporation Litigation, Press, Jones, Waechter and Stoneburner, P.C., Richmond, VA
United Dominion Realty Trust vs U.S. Intec Litigation, Reynolds, Smith and Winters, P.C., Norfolk, VA
Reconstruction of storm warnings in connection with barge accident liability suit, AI Marine Adjusters, New York, NY
Duane and Shannon Litigation, Richmond, VA
Chandler, Franklin and O Brien Litigation, Roanoke, VA
GANAHMSA - rain augmentation in Monterey, Mexico
Duane and Shannon personal injury due to severe weather, Richmond, VA
Chandler, Franklin and O Brien personal injury due to severe weather, Roanoke, VA
Gentry, Locke, Rakes and Moore personal injury case, Roanoke, VA
Morris & Morris, personal injury case, Richmond, VA
Booz, Allen and Hamilton, DSRC consultant, Arlington, VA
Sr. Scientist, Multi-scale investigation and analysis of tropical convective processes during CPEX using DAWN and numerical models, NASA, (PI: G.D. Emmitt), 2017-2021
44